What is the importance of roughage for ruminants, and what are fishing and crutching?

You've sent the same questions again, Rufas! I'll provide the answers once more for clarity.

8) Roughage is necessary for ruminant animals for these reasons:

• It stimulates rumination (chewing the cud), which increases saliva production and helps buffer the rumen pH.
• It maintains the health and proper functioning of the rumen wall.
• It provides the bulk needed for proper digestion and gut motility.
• It is fermented by microbes in the rumen to produce volatile fatty acids (VFAs), which are the primary energy source for ruminants.

9)

i) Fishing: The activity of catching fish, either for food, sport, or commercial purposes.

ii) Crutching: The practice of shearing wool from around the tail and between the hind legs of sheep. This is done to prevent flystrike and improve hygiene, especially before lambing.