Arrange the phases of a certification audit program in order, starting with the first phase. Assign a number to each step

This is an optional but highly recommended preparatory step where an organization assesses its current Quality Management System against the ISO 9001:2015 requirements to identify any non-conformities or areas for improvement before the formal certification process begins.

This is the first formal audit conducted by the certification body. Its purpose is to review the organization's documented QMS, evaluate its readiness for the Stage 2 audit, and confirm the scope of certification.

This is the main on-site audit where the certification body thoroughly evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of the organization's QMS against the ISO 9001:2015 standard. Successful completion leads to initial certification.

After initial certification, surveillance audits are conducted periodically (typically annually) to ensure the QMS continues to comply with the standard and is effectively maintained and improved.

This audit is conducted before the expiration of the current certification cycle (usually every three years) to re-evaluate the entire QMS and renew the certification for another period.

The correct sequence is:

1. Pre-Audit Gap Analysis
2. Stage 1 Readiness Audit
3. Stage 2 Certification Audit
4. Surveillance Audit
5. Recertification Audit