This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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You're on a roll — Here are the solutions to the questions: 16. Use the information to answer questions that follow: Solid E was put in a boiling tube and 10cm^3 of distilled water was added. The mixture was shaken thoroughly and the solid dissolved. The resulting solution was divided into five portions. a) Place about a half spatula full of the solid into a clean dry test tube. Heat gently. | Observation | Inference | | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | :-------------------------------------------- | | The solid melts, and a colorless liquid condenses on the cooler parts of the test tube. The solid may change color (e.g., blue to white) or remain white. | Hydrated compound | b) Place all the remaining portion of the solid in the test tube. Add about 10cm^3 of distilled water, shake thoroughly. Divide the mixture into five portions. | Observation | Inference | | :---------------------------------------------- | :------------------ | | The solid dissolves to form a colorless solution. | Soluble compound | c) To the first portion, add three drops of sodium hydroxide then add excess. | Observation | Inference | | :----------------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------- | | A white precipitate is formed, which dissolves in excess sodium hydroxide. | Zn^2+, Pb^2+, Al^3+ present | d) To the second portion, add three drops of aqueous ammonia then add excess. | Observation | Inference | | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------- | | A white precipitate is formed, which is insoluble in excess aqueous ammonia. | Al^3+, Pb^2+ present | e) To the third portion, add three drops of sodium sulphate solution. | Observation | Inference | | :---------------------- | :------------------ | | No precipitate is formed. | Al^3+ present | f) To the fourth portion, add three drops of lead (II) nitrate solution and preserve the product to be used in (g) below. | Observation | Inference | | :---------------- | :-------------------------------------------- | | White precipitate | SO_4^2-, Cl^- present | g) To the portion in (iv) above, add five drops of dilute hydrochloric acid. | Observation | Inference | | :---------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------- | | The white precipitate remains insoluble. | SO_4^2-, Cl^- present | h) To the fifth portion, add three drops of barium nitrate solution. | Observation | Inference | | :---------------- | :------------------ | | White precipitate | SO_4^2- present | i) Identify the cation and anion present: Cation: Al^3+ Anion: SO_4^2- j) Identify Compound E: Compound E: Aluminium Sulphate What's next?