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Calculate the heat energy released when 1 litre of ethanol burns, given its density is 789 g/L and the heat of combustion is 1370 kJ/mol.

Chemistry

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Answer

23500 kJ\text{23500 kJ}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Calculate the molar mass of ethanol (C2H5OH\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}).

    The atomic masses are approximately: C = 12.01 g/mol12.01 \text{ g/mol}, H = 1.008 g/mol1.008 \text{ g/mol}, O = 16.00 g/mol16.00 \text{ g/mol}.

    Molar mass of C2H5OH=(2×12.01)+(6×1.008)+(1×16.00)\text{Molar mass of } \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} = (2 \times 12.01) + (6 \times 1.008) + (1 \times 16.00) =24.02+6.048+16.00= 24.02 + 6.048 + 16.00 =46.068 g/mol= 46.068 \text{ g/mol}
  2. Calculate the mass of 1 litre of ethanol.

    Given the density of ethanol is 789 g/L789 \text{ g/L} and the volume is 1 L1 \text{ L}.

    Mass=Density×Volume\text{Mass} = \text{Density} \times \text{Volume} Mass of ethanol=789 g/L×1 L\text{Mass of ethanol} = 789 \text{ g/L} \times 1 \text{ L} =789 g= 789 \text{ g}
  3. Calculate the number of moles in 1 litre of ethanol.

    Moles=MassMolar mass\text{Moles} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Molar mass}} Moles of ethanol=789 g46.068 g/mol\text{Moles of ethanol} = \frac{789 \text{ g}}{46.068 \text{ g/mol}} ≈17.126 mol\approx 17.126 \text{ mol}
  4. Calculate the total heat energy released.

    Given that 1 mole1 \text{ mole} of ethanol releases 1370 kJ1370 \text{ kJ} of heat energy.

    Total heat energy released=Moles×Heat released per mole\text{Total heat energy released} = \text{Moles} \times \text{Heat released per mole} =17.126 mol×1370 kJ/mol= 17.126 \text{ mol} \times 1370 \text{ kJ/mol} ≈23462.62 kJ\approx 23462.62 \text{ kJ}

    Rounding to three significant figures (based on the given density 789 g/L789 \text{ g/L}), the heat energy released is:

    ≈23500 kJ\approx 23500 \text{ kJ}

    The amount of heat energy released when 1 litre of ethanol is completely burnt is 23500 kJ\boxed{\text{23500 kJ}}.

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