This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Hey Mir — ready when you are. 1. Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of HCl. Molar mass of HCl = Atomic mass of H + Atomic mass of Cl = 1.008 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol = 36.458 g/mol Step 2: Calculate the moles of HCl. Moles of HCl = Mass of HClMolar mass of HCl = 1.25 g36.458 g/mol = 0.03428 mol Step 3: Convert the volume of the solution from cm³ to dm³. Volume of solution = 30 cm^3 × 1 dm^31000 cm^3 = 0.030 dm^3 Step 4: Calculate the molarity of the solution. Molarity = Moles of soluteVolume of solution (in dm^3) = 0.03428 mol0.030 dm^3 = 1.14 mol/dm^3 The molarity of the solution is 1.14 M. 2. Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of KCl. Molar mass of KCl = Atomic mass of K + Atomic mass of Cl = 39.098 g/mol + 35.45 g/mol = 74.548 g/mol Step 2: Calculate the moles of KCl. Moles of KCl = Mass of KClMolar mass of KCl = 2.5 g74.548 g/mol = 0.03353 mol Step 3: Convert the volume of the solution from cm³ to dm³. Volume of solution = 100 cm^3 × 1 dm^31000 cm^3 = 0.100 dm^3 Step 4: Calculate the concentration of the solution in mol/dm³. Concentration = Moles of soluteVolume of solution (in dm^3) = 0.03353 mol0.100 dm^3 = 0.335 mol/dm^3 The concentration of the solution is 0.335 mol/dm^3. 3. Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of NaOH. Molar mass of NaOH = Atomic mass of Na + Atomic mass of O + Atomic mass of H = 22.99 g/mol + 15.999 g/mol + 1.008 g/mol = 39.997 g/mol Step 2: Calculate the moles of NaOH present in 1 dm³ of a 0.25 M solution. Moles of NaOH = Molarity × Volume = 0.25 mol/dm^3 × 1 dm^3 = 0.25 mol Step 3: Calculate the mass of NaOH. Mass of NaOH = Moles of NaOH × Molar mass of NaOH = 0.25 mol × 39.997 g/mol = 9.999 g The mass of NaOH present per dm³ of solution is 10.0 g. 4. Step 1: Use the neutralization formula M_A V_A = M_B V_B. Given: Molarity of acid (M_A) = 0.5 M Volume of acid (V_A) = ? Molarity of base (M_B) = 4 M Volume of base (V_B) = 200 ml Step 2: Substitute the values into the formula and solve for V_A. 0.5 M × V_A = 4 M × 200 ml V_A = 4 M × 200 ml0.5 M V_A = 800 ml0.5 V_A = 1600 ml The volume of 0.5 M acid needed is 1600 ml. 5. Step 1: Convert the mass of calcium from mg to g. Mass of calcium = 28 mg × 1 g1000 mg = 0.028 g Step 2: Convert the volume of the solution from cm³ to dm³. Volume of solution = 100 cm^3 × 1 dm^31000 cm^3 = 0.100 dm^3 Step 3: Calculate the concentration in g/dm³. Concentration = Mass of calciumVolume of solution (in dm^3) = 0.028 g0.100 dm^3 = 0.28 g/dm^3 The concentration is 0.28 g/dm^3. 6. Step 1: Calculate the total volume of the solution. Total volume of solution = Volume of alcohol + Volume of water = 20 cm^3 + 80 cm^3 = 100 cm^3 Step 2: Calculate the concentration (v/v). Concentration (v/v) = Volume of soluteTotal volume of solution × 100\% = 20 cm^3100 cm^3 × 100\% = 20\% The concentration (v/v) of this solution is 20\%. 7. Step 1: Convert the volume of the solution from cm³ to dm³. Volume of solution = 400 cm^3 × 1 dm^31000 cm^3 = 0.400 dm^3 Step 2: Calculate the moles of NaOH required. Moles of NaOH = Molarity × Volume (in dm^3) = 0.3 mol/dm^3 × 0.400 dm^3 = 0.12 mol Step 3: Calculate the molar mass of NaOH. Molar mass of NaOH = Atomic mass of Na + Atomic mass of O + Atomic mass of H = 22.99 g/mol + 15.999 g/mol + 1.008 g/mol = 39.997 g/mol Step 4: Calculate the mass of NaOH required. Mass of NaOH = Moles of NaOH × Molar mass of NaOH = 0.12 mol × 39.997 g/mol = 4.79964 g The mass of sodium hydroxide required is 4.80 g. Send me the next one 📸