This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the solutions to the questions: 17. The general formula of an alkyl group is Step 1: Recall the definition of an alkyl group. An alkyl group is a functional group derived from an alkane by removing one hydrogen atom. Step 2: Recall the general formula for an alkane. The general formula for an alkane is C_nH_2n+2. Step 3: Derive the general formula for an alkyl group. By removing one hydrogen atom from an alkane, the formula becomes C_nH_2n+2-1, which simplifies to C_nH_2n+1. The correct option is C. C) C_nH_2n+1 18. The simplest ratio of carbon atom to hydrogen atom in benzene represents Step 1: Recall the molecular formula of benzene. The molecular formula of benzene is C_6H_6. Step 2: Determine the simplest ratio of carbon to hydrogen atoms. For C_6H_6, the ratio is 6:6, which simplifies to 1:1. Step 3: Identify the type of formula that represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. This is the definition of an empirical formula. For benzene, the empirical formula is CH. The correct option is C. C) empirical formula 19. Degenerate orbitals are orbitals of Step 1: Define degenerate orbitals. In quantum mechanics, degenerate orbitals are atomic orbitals that have the same energy level. Step 2: Consider the characteristics of such orbitals. They belong to the same subshell (e.g., the three p orbitals in a given energy level, 2p_x, 2p_y, 2p_z, all have the same energy). The correct option is D. D) the same subshell having equal energy 20. The molar mass of a chloride of iron is 127 g mol^-1. Given that Cl = 35.5, Fe = 56.0, the formula of the chloride is Step 1: Assume the formula of the iron chloride is FeCl_x. Step 2: Write the expression for the molar mass of FeCl_x. Molar mass of FeCl_x = (Molar mass of Fe) + x × (Molar mass of Cl) Step 3: Substitute the given values into the equation. 127 g mol^-1 = 56.0 g mol^-1 + x × 35.5 g mol^-1 Step 4: Solve for x. 127 - 56.0 = 35.5x 71 = 35.5x x = (71)/(35.5) x = 2 Step 5: Write the formula of the chloride. Since x=2, the formula is FeCl_2. The correct option is D. D) FeCl_2 21. Which of the following substances could be used in galvanization of iron to prevent rusting? Step 1: Define galvanization. Galvanization is a process of applying a protective coating to iron or steel to prevent rusting. Step 2: Identify the common material used for galvanization. The most common and effective material used for galvanization is zinc. Zinc protects iron by acting as a sacrificial anode, corroding preferentially to iron. The correct option is A. A) Zinc 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.