This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here are the solutions to question 6: 6. a) Electrode A is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, so it is the anode*. Electrode B is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, so it is the cathode*. b) At electrode B (cathode), reduction occurs. In dilute sulphuric acid, hydrogen ions (H^+) are reduced to hydrogen gas. 2H^+(aq) + 2e^- H_2(g) c) The concentration of dilute sulphuric acid increases. During the electrolysis of dilute sulphuric acid, water (H_2O) is decomposed into hydrogen gas (H_2) at the cathode and oxygen gas (O_2) at the anode. The sulphuric acid (H_2SO_4) acts as an electrolyte and is not consumed in the overall reaction. As water is removed from the solution, the amount of solvent decreases, leading to an increase in the concentration of the remaining sulphuric acid. d) To determine the formula of the metal oxide: Step 1: Calculate the total charge (Q) passed. Q = I × t Q = 4 A × (10 × 60) s Q = 4 A × 600 s Q = 2400 C Step 2: Calculate the moles of metal X deposited. Moles of X = Mass of XRelative atomic mass of X Moles of X = 1.78 g118 g/mol Moles of X ≈ 0.01508 mol Step 3: Calculate the moles of electrons passed. Using Faraday's constant (F = 96485 C/mol): Moles of electrons = (Q)/(F) Moles of electrons = 2400 C96485 C/mol Moles of electrons ≈ 0.02487 mol Step 4: Determine the charge (z) on the metal ion. The deposition reaction is X^z+(aq) + z e^- X(s). z = Moles of electronsMoles of X z = 0.02487 mol0.01508 mol z ≈ 1.65 Since the charge must be an integer, this value is approximately 2 (due to rounding or slight experimental variation). Therefore, the charge on the metal ion is X^2+. Step 5: Determine the formula of the metal oxide. If the metal ion is X^2+ and the oxide ion is O^2-, the formula of the metal oxide is XO. Formula of the metal oxide = XO 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.