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Determine the units of the specific rate constant k given the rate law d[x]/dt = k[B]^(3/4).

Chemistry

ScanSolve AI Answer

Answer

M1/4s−1\text{M}^{1/4}\text{s}^{-1}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

To find the units of the specific rate constant kk, we need to analyze the given rate equation and the units of the other terms.

  1. Identify the units of each term in the rate equation.

    The rate equation is given as:

    d[x]dt=k[B]3/4\frac{d[x]}{dt} = k[B]^{3/4}

    The term d[x]dt\frac{d[x]}{dt} represents the rate of reaction. Since [x][x] is concentration in M (Molarity) and tt is time in seconds (s), the units of the rate are Ms\frac{\text{M}}{\text{s}}.
    The term [B][B] represents concentration, so its unit is M. Therefore, the unit of [B]3/4[B]^{3/4} is M3/4\text{M}^{3/4}.

  2. Rearrange the rate equation to solve for kk.

    From the equation d[x]dt=k[B]3/4\frac{d[x]}{dt} = k[B]^{3/4}, we can express kk as:

    k=d[x]dt[B]3/4k = \frac{\frac{d[x]}{dt}}{[B]^{3/4}}
  3. Substitute the units into the rearranged equation for kk.

    Units of k=Units of d[x]dtUnits of [B]3/4=M/sM3/4\text{Units of } k = \frac{\text{Units of } \frac{d[x]}{dt}}{\text{Units of } [B]^{3/4}} = \frac{\text{M/s}}{\text{M}^{3/4}}
  4. Simplify the units.

    Units of k=M1⋅s−1⋅M−3/4\text{Units of } k = \text{M}^{1} \cdot \text{s}^{-1} \cdot \text{M}^{-3/4}

    Combine the terms with M:

    Units of k=M(1−3/4)⋅s−1\text{Units of } k = \text{M}^{(1 - 3/4)} \cdot \text{s}^{-1} Units of k=M(4/4−3/4)⋅s−1\text{Units of } k = \text{M}^{(4/4 - 3/4)} \cdot \text{s}^{-1} Units of k=M1/4⋅s−1\text{Units of } k = \text{M}^{1/4} \cdot \text{s}^{-1}

    The units of the specific rate constant kk are M1/4s−1\boxed{\text{M}^{1/4}\text{s}^{-1}}.

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