This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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Here's how to complete Procedure A and answer the questions, using hypothetical data since no experimental results are provided. Hypothetical Data for Table 1 (Procedure A) Let's assume the initial temperature of solution B (2M Hydrochloric acid) is 25.0 °C. When solid A is added at 2 minutes, an exothermic reaction occurs, causing the temperature to rise and then gradually fall. | Time (min) | 0 | (1)/(2) | 1 | 1(1)/(2) | 2 | 2(1)/(2) | 3 | 3(1)/(2) | 4 | 4(1)/(2) | 5 | | :--------- | :--- | :------------ | :--- | :------------- | :--- | :------------- | :--- | :------------- | :--- | :------------- | :--- | | Temperature (°C) | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 28.0 | 32.0 | 31.0 | 29.5 | 28.0 | 27.0 | Note: 'X' in the table refers to the temperature at 2 minutes, which is the temperature of the acid just before adding solid A. a. Plot the graph of temperature against time Step 1: Set up the axes. Draw a horizontal axis (x-axis) and label it "Time / min". Choose a scale that accommodates your range of times (e.g., from 0 min to 5 min). Draw a vertical axis (y-axis) and label it "Temperature / °C". Choose a scale that accommodates your range of temperatures (e.g., from 20 °C to 35 °C). Step 2: Plot the data points. For each time value in Table 1, plot a point corresponding to the "Time / min" on the x-axis and the "Temperature / °C" on the y-axis. Using the hypothetical data above, you would plot: (0, 25.0), (0.5, 25.0), (1, 25.0), (1.5, 25.0), (2, 25.0), (2.5, 28.0), (3, 32.0), (3.5, 31.0), (4, 29.5), (4.5, 28.0), (5, 27.0). Step 3: Draw a smooth curve. Draw a smooth curve or connect the points with straight lines to show the trend of temperature change over time. The initial points (0 to 2 min) should form a horizontal line, followed by a rise and then a fall. b. Using the graph determine the temperature change Step 1: Identify the initial temperature. From the graph, read the temperature just before solid A was added (at 2 minutes). This is the initial temperature. Using the hypothetical data, the initial temperature is 25.0 °C. Step 2: Identify the maximum temperature. From the graph, locate the highest point on the curve after solid A was added. This is the maximum temperature reached during the reaction. Using the hypothetical data, the maximum temperature is 32.0 °C (at 3 minutes). Step 3: Calculate the temperature change. Subtract the initial temperature from the maximum temperature. Temperature change = Maximum temperature - Initial temperature Temperature change = 32.0 °C - 25.0 °C Temperature change = 7.0 °C That's 2 down. 3 left today — send the next one.