A) The physiological process responsible for the observed results is osmosis.

1. a) The physiological process responsible for the observed results is osmosis.

b)

• A: Turgid
• B: Crenated

2. a) Substance A is glucose.

b) The process represented by the equation is photosynthesis.

c) Two conditions necessary for this reaction, other than the reactants, are: * i. Light energy * ii. Chlorophyll

3. a)
   • Compound X: Potassium hydroxide ($\text{KOH}$) or Sodium hydroxide ($\text{NaOH}$) or Soda lime.
   • Function: To absorb carbon dioxide produced by the grasshopper during respiration.