How are fossils formed process

Fossils are typically formed when an organism dies and is quickly buried by sediment, such as mud, sand, or volcanic ash. Over time, more layers of sediment accumulate, compressing the remains. Minerals from the surrounding sediment then seep into the organism's pores and gradually replace the organic material, a process called permineralization or petrification. Eventually, the sediment hardens into sedimentary rock, preserving the organism's shape or internal structure as a fossil.