(ii) The function of the part labelled Y (a thermometer) is to measure temperature.

Here are the solutions to the questions:

(ii) The function of the part labelled Y (a thermometer) is to measure temperature.

(iii) An appropriate scale range in degrees Celsius for a standard laboratory thermometer is from $\boldsymbol{0^\circC}$ to $\boldsymbol{100^\circC}$.

Step 1: Identify given values and formula. The moment exerted about the hinges is $M = 15 \text{ Nm}$. The pushing force is $F = 25 \text{ N}$. The formula for moment is $M = F \times d$, where $d$ is the perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force.

Step 2: Calculate the distance. Rearrange the formula to solve for $d$: $d = \frac{M}{F}$ $d = \frac{15 Nm}{25 N}$ $d = 0.6 \text{ m}$ The distance of the force from the hinges is $\boxed{0.6 m}$.

Step 1: Calculate the anticlockwise moment. The mass $m = 0.08 \text{ kg}$ is hung at the 0 cm mark. The pivot is at 30 cm. The distance of the mass from the pivot is $d_m = 30 cm - 0 cm = 30 cm = 0.3 \text{ m}$. The weight of the mass is $W_m = m \times g = 0.08 kg \times 9.8 m/s^2 = 0.784 \text{ N}$. The anticlockwise moment ($M_{acw}$) is: $M_{acw} = W_m \times d_m = 0.784 N \times 0.3 m = 0.2352 \text{ Nm}$

Step 2: Determine the position of the plank's center of gravity (COG). The plank is uniform and has a total length of 110 cm. Its COG is at its midpoint. COG position = $\frac{110 cm}{2} = 55 \text{ cm}$ from either end.

Step 3: Calculate the clockwise moment due to the plank's weight. The pivot is at 30 cm. The plank's COG is at 55 cm. The distance of the plank's COG from the pivot is $d_p = 55 cm - 30 cm = 25 cm = 0.25 \text{ m}$. Let the weight of the plank be $W_p$. The clockwise moment ($M_{cw}$) is: $M_{cw} = W_p \times d_p = W_p \times 0.25 \text{ m}$

Step 4: Apply the principle of moments to find the weight of the plank. For the plank to be balanced, the sum of clockwise moments must equal the sum of anticlockwise moments: $M_{acw} = M_{cw}$ $0.2352 Nm = W_p \times 0.25 \text{ m}$ $W_p = \frac{0.2352 Nm}{0.25 m}$ $W_p = 0.9408 \text{ N}$ The weight of the plank is $\boxed{0.9408 N}$.

c) Two factors that affect the center of gravity of an object are: • The shape of the object. • The distribution of mass within the object.

d) No question was provided for part d).