Q1. The nucleus of an atom is given on the right as a circle. Use this to answer the following questions: I. Complete the table below.

Question

Q1. The nucleus of an atom is given on the right as a circle. Use this to answer the following questions: I. Complete the table below.

Asked on March 26, 2026Chemistry

This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.

Accepted Answer · 2026-03-26T12:30:31.723Z

Q1. The nucleus of an atom is given on the right as a circle. Use this to answer the following questions. I. Complete the table below. Protons: The number of protons (p) is given as 11. Neutrons: The number of neutrons (n) is given as 12. Electrons: In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. So, electrons = 11. Atomic number: The atomic number (Z) is equal to the number of protons. So, atomic number = 11. Atomic mass: The atomic mass (A) is the sum of protons and neutrons. So, atomic mass = 11 + 12 = 23. $$ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \text{Protons} & \text{Neutrons} & \text{Electrons} & \text{Atomic number} & \text{Atomic mass} \\ \hline 11 & 12 & 11 & 11 & 23 \\ \hline \end{array} $$ II. Is it metal or non-metal? Specify and Name this atom. The atom has 11 protons, which identifies it as Sodium (Na). Sodium is an alkali metal, located in Group 1 of the periodic table. It is a metal. III. Draw electron shell diagram for this atom, and also draw its valence shell diagram. Electron Shell Diagram (Bohr Model): Sodium has 11 electrons. The electron configuration by shells is 2, 8, 1. The diagram shows the nucleus with 11 protons and 12 neutrons, surrounded by electron shells. • First shell (K-shell): 2 electrons • Second shell (L-shell): 8 electrons • Third shell (M-shell): 1 electron (Diagram representation - imagine concentric circles) $$ \text{Nucleus (11p, 12n)} \\ \text{1st shell (2 electrons)} \\ \text{2nd shell (8 electrons)} \\ \text{3rd shell (1 electron)} $$ Valence Shell Diagram (Lewis Dot Structure): The valence shell is the outermost shell, which contains 1 electron for Sodium. $$ \text{Na} \cdot $$ IV. Write the main shell electron configuration for this atom. The main shell electron configuration (Bohr model) for Sodium (11 electrons) is: $$ \boxed{\text{2, 8, 1}} $$ V. Write the subshell electron configuration for this atom. The subshell electron configuration for Sodium (11 electrons) follows the Aufbau principle: $$ \boxed{1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1} $$ VI. Write the condensed subshell electron configuration for this atom. The noble gas preceding Sodium is Neon (Ne), which has the configuration $1s^2 2s^2 2p^6$. The condensed subshell electron configuration for Sodium is: $$ \boxed{[Ne] 3s^1} $$ VII. Write and represent the ground state and excited state for this atom. Ground State: The ground state is the lowest energy electron configuration. $$ \text{Configuration: } 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1 $$ Representation (Orbital Diagram): $$ \begin{array}{c c c c c c} \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \\ \text{1s} & \text{2s} & \text{2p}_x & \text{2p}_y & \text{2p}_z & \text{3s} \end{array} $$ Excited State: An excited state occurs when an electron absorbs energy and moves to a higher energy orbital. One possible excited state for Sodium is when the 3s electron moves to the 3p orbital. $$ \text{Configuration: } 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3p^1 $$ Representation (Orbital Diagram): $$ \begin{array}{c c c c c c c c} \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & & \uparrow & \\ \text{1s} & \text{2s} & \text{2p}_x & \text{2p}_y & \text{2p}_z & \text{3s} & \text{3p}_x & \text{3p}_y & \text{3p}_z \end{array} $$

Accepted Answer · 2026-03-26T12:30:31.723Z

Q1. The nucleus of an atom is given on the right as a circle. Use this to answer the following questions. I. Complete the table below. Protons: The number of protons (p) is given as 11. Neutrons: The number of neutrons (n) is given as 12. Electrons: In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. So, electrons = 11. Atomic number: The atomic number (Z) is equal to the number of protons. So, atomic number = 11. Atomic mass: The atomic mass (A) is the sum of protons and neutrons. So, atomic mass = 11 + 12 = 23. $$ \begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|} \hline \text{Protons} & \text{Neutrons} & \text{Electrons} & \text{Atomic number} & \text{Atomic mass} \\ \hline 11 & 12 & 11 & 11 & 23 \\ \hline \end{array} $$ II. Is it metal or non-metal? Specify and Name this atom. The atom has 11 protons, which identifies it as Sodium (Na). Sodium is an alkali metal, located in Group 1 of the periodic table. It is a metal. III. Draw electron shell diagram for this atom, and also draw its valence shell diagram. Electron Shell Diagram (Bohr Model): Sodium has 11 electrons. The electron configuration by shells is 2, 8, 1. The diagram shows the nucleus with 11 protons and 12 neutrons, surrounded by electron shells. • First shell (K-shell): 2 electrons • Second shell (L-shell): 8 electrons • Third shell (M-shell): 1 electron (Diagram representation - imagine concentric circles) $$ \text{Nucleus (11p, 12n)} \\ \text{1st shell (2 electrons)} \\ \text{2nd shell (8 electrons)} \\ \text{3rd shell (1 electron)} $$ Valence Shell Diagram (Lewis Dot Structure): The valence shell is the outermost shell, which contains 1 electron for Sodium. $$ \text{Na} \cdot $$ IV. Write the main shell electron configuration for this atom. The main shell electron configuration (Bohr model) for Sodium (11 electrons) is: $$ \boxed{\text{2, 8, 1}} $$ V. Write the subshell electron configuration for this atom. The subshell electron configuration for Sodium (11 electrons) follows the Aufbau principle: $$ \boxed{1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1} $$ VI. Write the condensed subshell electron configuration for this atom. The noble gas preceding Sodium is Neon (Ne), which has the configuration $1s^2 2s^2 2p^6$. The condensed subshell electron configuration for Sodium is: $$ \boxed{[Ne] 3s^1} $$ VII. Write and represent the ground state and excited state for this atom. Ground State: The ground state is the lowest energy electron configuration. $$ \text{Configuration: } 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^1 $$ Representation (Orbital Diagram): $$ \begin{array}{c c c c c c} \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \\ \text{1s} & \text{2s} & \text{2p}_x & \text{2p}_y & \text{2p}_z & \text{3s} \end{array} $$ Excited State: An excited state occurs when an electron absorbs energy and moves to a higher energy orbital. One possible excited state for Sodium is when the 3s electron moves to the 3p orbital. $$ \text{Configuration: } 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3p^1 $$ Representation (Orbital Diagram): $$ \begin{array}{c c c c c c c c} \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & \uparrow \downarrow & & \uparrow & \\ \text{1s} & \text{2s} & \text{2p}_x & \text{2p}_y & \text{2p}_z & \text{3s} & \text{3p}_x & \text{3p}_y & \text{3p}_z \end{array} $$