Describe what is happening to the ice-cap on the mountain from 70 years ago to the present. Explain the relationship between ozone depletion and global warming. Describe the likely short and long term effect on rivers in the area. How would the destruction of the ice-cap affect tourism in Kenya?

The ice-cap on Mount Kenya has retreated significantly over the past 70 years due to global warming. 70 years ago, the mountain had an extensive ice-cap covering large areas (as shown in the first photo). 30 years ago, the ice-cap had noticeably retreated (second photo). Today, very little ice can be found (third photo).

Short-term effects on rivers in the region:
Increased melting of the ice-cap provides more water initially, leading to higher river flows, potential flooding, and reliable water supply for nearby communities and agriculture.

Long-term effects on rivers in the region:
Once the ice-cap is fully melted, rivers fed by glacial meltwater will have reduced flow, leading to lower water levels, droughts, reduced hydropower generation, and impacts on irrigation and drinking water supplies.

Destruction of the ice-cap would negatively affect tourism in Kenya as follows:

• Loss of iconic snow-capped peaks and glaciers, reducing the scenic beauty and appeal of Mount Kenya National Park (a UNESCO World Heritage site).
• Fewer visitors for mountaineering, hiking, and photography, as the unique glaciated landscape disappears.
• Economic losses for local communities relying on tourism revenue from climbers and eco-tourists.