Name: 55 Multiple Choice: Define Each Term/Answer Each Question What is a Republic? What is a Democracy? What is an Oligarchy? What form of government does the US Constitution establish? What is an economic system? What is private property? What is profit motive? What are consumers? What is an incentive? What is a Free Market Economy (capitalism)? What is a Centrally Planned Economy (communism)? What is a Mixed Economy? What is Laissez Faire? What is the Invisible Hand? What is voluntary exchange? Econ Unit 1 Midterm Study Guide Fall 2026 What is Scarcity? What is Economics? What is a Need? What is a Want? What are the 3 Basic questions of Economics? What are the 4 Factors of Production? What is the Production Possibilities Frontier? What are the 4 points on the PPF? What is Cost Benefit Analysis? What is an Entrepreneur? What is Land? What is Labor? What is Capital? What is Microeconomics? What is Macroeconomics? What is Minimum Wage? The cost of college (student loans) has outpaced what 3 things? Why is it not a good idea to cosign a loan for someone? According to the film Borrowed Future, how many people are in default on their student loans? What is the Federal Minimum Wage? Econ Unit 1 Midterm Study Guide Fall 2026 What is Californias current Minimum Wage 2026? What is Californias current Minimum Wage if you’re at a National Fast Food Chain 2026? What is the Circular Flow of Economic Activity? What is the Factor Market? What is the Product Market? What is Artificial Intelligence? What is the “useless class?” What is Outsourcing? What does Specialization do for people? What does Trade do for people overall? What is opportunity cost? What are tradeoffs? Why do companies move their factories to developing countries? What are the dangers faced by workers in sweatshops? Why are there more slaves today than ever in history? What does having less money make it harder for families to do? What are corporations willing to sacrifice to maximize profits? What is Exploitation? What is Globalization? Minus the exceptions and tragedies, as an adult, Poverty is a hazlme un multiple choice con esto

Economics

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Question 1: What is a Republic?

A form of government where power is held by the people and their elected representatives, rather than a monarch.


Question 2: What is a Democracy?

A system of government where the whole population or all eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives, exercise power.


Question 3: What is an Oligarchy?

A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.


Question 4: What form of government does the US Constitution establish?

A federal republic (or a constitutional republic).


Question 5: What is an economic system?

A system of production, resource allocation, and distribution of goods and services within a society.


Question 6: What is private property?

Resources and assets owned by individuals or firms, rather than by the government.


Question 7: What is profit motive?

The desire for financial gain as an incentive in economic activity.


Question 8: What are consumers?

Individuals or groups who purchase and use goods and services.


Question 9: What is an incentive?

Something that motivates or encourages one to do something.


Question 10: What is a Free Market Economy (capitalism)?

An economic system where prices and production are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses.


Question 11: What is a Centrally Planned Economy (communism)?

An economic system in which the government makes all decisions about the production and distribution of goods and services.


Question 12: What is a Mixed Economy?

An economic system combining elements of both capitalism and socialism, with both private and public enterprise.


Question 13: What is Laissez Faire?

An economic doctrine that opposes government intervention in the economy beyond what is necessary to protect property rights and maintain peace.


Question 14: What is the Invisible Hand?

A metaphor introduced by Adam Smith to describe the unintended social benefits of individual self-interested actions.


Question 15: What is voluntary exchange?

The act of buyers and sellers freely and willingly engaging in market transactions.


Question 16: What is Scarcity?

The fundamental economic problem of having seemingly unlimited human wants and needs in a world of limited resources.


Question 17: What is Economics?

The social science that studies how societies allocate scarce resources to satisfy unlimited wants and needs.


Question 18: What is a Need?

Something essential for survival, such as food, water, and shelter.


Question 19: What is a Want?

Something desired but not essential for survival.


Question 20: What are the 3 Basic questions of Economics?

What to produce? How to produce? For whom to produce?


Question 21: What are the 4 Factors of Production?

Land, Labor, Capital, and Entrepreneurship.


Question 22: What is the Production Possibilities Frontier?

A curve illustrating the maximum possible production of two goods or services that can be produced with a given set of resources and technology.


Question 23: What are the 4 points on the PPF?

Points on the curve (efficient), points inside the curve (inefficient), points outside the curve (unattainable), and points representing opportunity cost.


Question 24: What is Cost Benefit Analysis?

A systematic process for calculating and comparing the benefits and costs of a project, decision, or policy.


Question 25: What is an Entrepreneur?

An individual who creates a new business, bearing most of the risks and enjoying most of the rewards.


Question 26: What is Land?

In economics, all natural resources used to produce goods and services.


Question 27: What is Labor?

The effort that people devote to tasks for which they are paid.


Question 28: What is Capital?

Any human-made resource that is used to create other goods and services.


Question 29: What is Microeconomics?

The study of economic behavior and decision-making of small units, such as individuals, families, and businesses.


Question 30: What is Macroeconomics?

The study of the economy as a whole, including topics such as inflation, unemployment, and economic growth.


Question 31: What is Minimum Wage?

The lowest wage per hour that a worker may be paid, as mandated by federal or state law.


Question 32: The cost of college (student loans) has outpaced what 3 things?

Wages, inflation, and GDP growth.


Question 33: Why is it not a good idea to cosign a loan for someone?

Because if the primary borrower defaults, the cosigner becomes legally responsible for the entire debt, potentially damaging their own credit and finances.


Question 34: According to the film Borrowed Future, how many people are in default on their student loans?

The film highlights that millions of Americans are in default on their student loans, emphasizing the widespread nature of the crisis.


Question 35: What is the Federal Minimum Wage?

The Federal Minimum Wage is $7.25 per hour.


Question 36: What is Californias current Minimum Wage 2026?

California's minimum wage is subject to annual adjustments based on inflation. For 2026, it is projected to be higher than the 2024 rate of $16.00/hour, but the exact figure is not yet set.


Question 37: What is Californias current Minimum Wage if you’re at a National Fast Food Chain 2026?

As of April 1, 2024, the minimum wage for fast-food workers in California is $20.00 per hour. For 2026, this rate is subject to annual adjustments based on inflation, so it is projected to be higher.


Question 38: What is the Circular Flow of Economic Activity?

A model that illustrates how money, goods, and services move through an economy between households and firms.


Question 39: What is the Factor Market?

A market where factors of production (land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship) are bought and sold.


Question 40: What is the Product Market?

A market where goods and services produced by businesses are sold to households.


Question 41: What is Artificial Intelligence?

The simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems.


Question 42: What is the “useless class?”

A term, notably used by Yuval Noah Harari, referring to a potential future societal group rendered economically irrelevant by automation and AI.


Question 43: What is Outsourcing?

The practice of contracting out business functions or processes to third-party providers, often in other countries.


Question 44: What does Specialization do for people?

It allows individuals, firms, or countries to focus on producing a limited range of goods or services, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.


Question 45: What does Trade do for people overall?

It allows people to obtain a greater variety of goods and services at lower costs, leading to increased overall welfare and economic growth.


Question 46: What is opportunity cost?

The value of the next best alternative that must be forgone when making a choice.


Question 47: What are tradeoffs?

The act of giving up one benefit in order to gain another, often involving a compromise.


Question 48: Why do companies move their factories to developing countries?

To take advantage of lower labor costs, fewer regulations, and access to new markets.


Question 49: What are the dangers faced by workers in sweatshops?

Low wages, long hours, unsafe working conditions, child labor, and lack of basic rights.


Question 50: Why are there more slaves today than ever in history?

Due to factors like rapid population growth, increased vulnerability from poverty and conflict, weak rule of law, and high profits for traffickers, making it a widespread modern issue.


Question 51: What does having less money make it harder for families to do?

Meet basic needs, access education and healthcare, save for the future, and achieve economic stability.


Question 52: What are corporations willing to sacrifice to maximize profits?

Often, they may sacrifice worker safety, environmental protection, ethical sourcing, and product quality.


Question 53: What is Exploitation?

The action or fact of treating someone unfairly in order to benefit from their work or resources.


Question 54: What is Globalization?

The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.


Question 55: Minus the exceptions and tragedies, as an adult, Poverty is a____

Poverty is a condition.

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