PNG government aims to address economic growth, unemployment, inflation, and balance of payments. In economics, they are studied under

QUESTION 1
The labor force refers to individuals who are of working age, willing, and able to work. Option B provides a comprehensive definition that aligns with standard economic and international labor organization criteria, encompassing both employed and unemployed individuals who meet these conditions.

The final answer is $\boxed{\text{B}}$

QUESTION 2
Unemployment is defined as a situation where individuals are willing and able to work but are unable to find employment. Option A accurately describes this state, indicating that people are actively seeking work but cannot secure a job for various reasons.

The final answer is $\boxed{\text{A}}$

QUESTION 3
Economic growth, unemployment, inflation, and the balance of payments are all broad, economy-wide issues that are studied at the aggregate level. These topics fall under the scope of Macro-economics, which deals with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole.

The final answer is $\boxed{\text{C}}$

QUESTION 4
The labor force includes all individuals who are employed or actively seeking employment.

• Non-government organization workers, private contractors, and government employees are all considered employed and thus part of the labor force.
• Full-time university students are generally considered outside the labor force unless they are also working or actively looking for a job. If their primary activity is studying and they are not seeking employment, they are not counted in the labor force.

The final answer is $\boxed{\text{A}}$

QUESTION 5
When an individual leaves their job voluntarily to search for a new one, this temporary period of unemployment is known as frictional unemployment. It is a natural part of a dynamic economy as people transition between jobs or enter the workforce.

The final answer is $\boxed{\text{D}}$