What are the correct answers and explanations for the following multiple-choice questions about the circular flow of income and GDP calculation?

Here are the answers to your questions:

Q1. In the two-sector circular flow of income model, which of the following statements is CORRECT?
The two-sector model includes households and firms. In this model, savings are a leakage from the circular flow, and investment is an injection into the circular flow.
The correct option is (A).

• A) Savings are a leakage and investment is an injection

Q2. When injections are GREATER than leakages in the five-sector circular flow of income model, the economy will:
When total injections (investment, government spending, exports) exceed total leakages (savings, taxation, imports), there is an expansionary pressure on the economy. This leads to an increase in aggregate demand, causing GDP and employment to rise.
The correct option is (C).

• C) Expand — GDP and employment will rise

Q3. Using the expenditure method, GDP is calculated as:
The expenditure method calculates GDP by summing up all spending on final goods and services in an economy. The formula is:

$$\text{GDP} = \text{Consumption (C)} + \text{Investment (I)} + \text{Government Spending (G)} + \text{Net Exports (X - M)}$$

The correct option is (C).

• C) GDP = C + I + G + (X - M)

Q4. Which of the following correctly lists ALL the leakages in the five-sector circular flow of income model?
In the five-sector model (households, firms, financial sector, government, foreign sector), leakages are withdrawals from the circular flow. These are Savings (S), Taxation (T), and Imports (M).
The correct option is (B).

• B) Savings, Taxation, Imports

Q5. PNG's GDP = K20 billion; overseas income earned by PNG residents = K2 billion; income earned in PNG by foreign residents = K3 billion. What is PNG's GNP?
GNP (Gross National Product) is calculated as GDP plus Net Factor Income from Abroad.
Net Factor Income from Abroad = Income earned by domestic residents from abroad - Income earned by foreign residents domestically.