What are some common logical fallacies and examples?

Ad Hominem: Attacking the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself.

• Example: "You can't trust anything Sarah says about climate change; she's just a liberal who wants to raise taxes."

Straw Man: Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack.

• Example: "My opponent wants to ban all cars, which would destroy the economy and leave everyone stranded. That's why his environmental plan is ridiculous." (The opponent likely proposed reducing emissions, not banning all cars.)