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2 parts
a

0.0962 M0.0962 \text{ M}

b

0.176 M0.176 \text{ M}

Step-by-step solution

6 steps

Okay, Ismaella, here is the translation of the previous solution into English.

Here are the calculations to solve the given questions.

Part a· 3 steps

What is the concentration of the Na2CO3\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3} solution?

  1. Calculate the molar mass of Na2CO3\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3}.

    The atomic masses are: Na=22.99 g/mol\text{Na} = 22.99 \text{ g/mol}, C=12.01 g/mol\text{C} = 12.01 \text{ g/mol}, O=16.00 g/mol\text{O} = 16.00 \text{ g/mol}.

    MNa2CO3=(2×22.99)+12.01+(3×16.00)=45.98+12.01+48.00=105.99 g/molM_{\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3}} = (2 \times 22.99) + 12.01 + (3 \times 16.00) = 45.98 + 12.01 + 48.00 = 105.99 \text{ g/mol}
  2. Calculate the number of moles of Na2CO3\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3}.

    According to Table 1, the mass of Na2CO3\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3} is 2.55 g2.55 \text{ g}.

    nNa2CO3=MassMolar mass=2.55 g105.99 g/mol=0.024059 moln_{\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3}} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Molar mass}} = \frac{2.55 \text{ g}}{105.99 \text{ g/mol}} = 0.024059 \text{ mol}
  3. Calculate the molarity of the Na2CO3\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3} solution.

    According to the procedure, the solution was prepared in a volume of 250 cm3250 \text{ cm}^{3}, which is equivalent to 0.250 L0.250 \text{ L}.

    Molarity=MolesVolume (L)=0.024059 mol0.250 L=0.096236 M\text{Molarity} = \frac{\text{Moles}}{\text{Volume (L)}} = \frac{0.024059 \text{ mol}}{0.250 \text{ L}} = 0.096236 \text{ M}

    Rounding to three significant figures:

    Molarity=0.0962 M\text{Molarity} = \boxed{0.0962 \text{ M}}

Part b

0.176 M0.176 \text{ M}

Calculate the concentration of the diluted acid solution.

  1. Determine the average titre volume of HCl\text{HCl}.

    According to Table 2, the two precise titres are 27.3275 cm327.3275 \text{ cm}^{3} and 27.3 cm327.3 \text{ cm}^{3}.

    Average titre=27.3275 cm3+27.3 cm32=54.6275 cm32=27.31375 cm3\text{Average titre} = \frac{27.3275 \text{ cm}^{3} + 27.3 \text{ cm}^{3}}{2} = \frac{54.6275 \text{ cm}^{3}}{2} = 27.31375 \text{ cm}^{3}

    We will use this value for the calculations.
    The volume of HCl\text{HCl} (VacidV_{acid}) is 27.31375 cm327.31375 \text{ cm}^{3}.
    The volume of Na2CO3\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3} (VbaseV_{base}) used in the titration is 25 cm325 \text{ cm}^{3} (from step 3 of the procedure).

  2. Write the balanced chemical equation and determine the molar ratio.

    The reaction between sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is:

    Na2CO3(aq)+2HCl(aq)→2NaCl(aq)+H2O(l)+CO2(g)\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3}(\text{aq}) + 2\text{HCl}(\text{aq}) \rightarrow 2\text{NaCl}(\text{aq}) + \text{H}_{2}\text{O}(\text{l}) + \text{CO}_{2}(\text{g})

    From the equation, 1 mole of Na2CO3\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3} reacts with 2 moles of HCl\text{HCl}.
    The molar ratio (Na2CO3:HCl\text{Na}_{2}\text{CO}_{3} : \text{HCl}) is 1:21:2. So, nbase=1n_{base} = 1 and nacid=2n_{acid} = 2.

  3. Calculate the concentration of the diluted HCl\text{HCl} solution.

    We use the titration formula:

    Macid×Vacidnacid=Mbase×Vbasenbase\frac{M_{acid} \times V_{acid}}{n_{acid}} = \frac{M_{base} \times V_{base}}{n_{base}}

    Where:
    MacidM_{acid} = Concentration of HCl\text{HCl} (unknown)
    Vacid=27.31375 cm3V_{acid} = 27.31375 \text{ cm}^{3}
    nacid=2n_{acid} = 2
    Mbase=0.096236 MM_{base} = 0.096236 \text{ M} (calculated in part a)
    Vbase=25 cm3V_{base} = 25 \text{ cm}^{3}
    nbase=1n_{base} = 1

    Rearranging to solve for MacidM_{acid}:

    Macid=nacid×Mbase×Vbasenbase×VacidM_{acid} = \frac{n_{acid} \times M_{base} \times V_{base}}{n_{base} \times V_{acid}} Macid=2×0.096236 M×25 cm31×27.31375 cm3M_{acid} = \frac{2 \times 0.096236 \text{ M} \times 25 \text{ cm}^{3}}{1 \times 27.31375 \text{ cm}^{3}} Macid=4.811827.31375 MM_{acid} = \frac{4.8118}{27.31375} \text{ M} Macid=0.17616 MM_{acid} = 0.17616 \text{ M}

    Rounding to three significant figures:

    Macid=0.176 MM_{acid} = \boxed{0.176 \text{ M}}

    3 de faites, encore 2 aujourd'hui. Tu progresses.

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