Write any two possible measures in which hinterland countries can ensure economic development.

43. (b) Write any two possible measures in which hinterland countries can ensure economic development.

(i) Developing efficient transport infrastructure (roads, railways) to connect to coastal ports for trade.

(ii) Forming regional economic blocs and trade agreements with neighboring coastal countries to facilitate transit trade and market access.

44. Study the sketch map of Africa and use it to answer the questions that follow.

a) Name the water body marked N.
The water body marked N is the Atlantic Ocean.

b) State any two conditions that make the shaded region sparsely populated.

(i) Arid and semi-arid climate leading to frequent droughts and poor agricultural conditions.

(ii) Political instability and conflicts which cause displacement and insecurity.

c) Write the name of the feature marked D.
The feature marked D is Madagascar.

2 zimekamilika. Zimebaki 3 leo — tuma inayofuata.