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Points A and B are on the same parallel of latitude X degrees North. A is at 15 degrees East and B is at 75 degrees West. The distance between A and B along the parallel of latitude is 5005 km. Calcul

Geography

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Part (a) (i) Calculate the position of point B

  1. Identify the given information for points A and B.

    Point A: (X∘N,15∘E)(X^\circ N, 15^\circ E)
    Point B: (X∘N,75∘W)(X^\circ N, 75^\circ W)
    Distance from A to B along the parallel of latitude = 5005 km5005 \text{ km}
    Radius of Earth (R)=6370 km(R) = 6370 \text{ km}
    π=227\pi = \frac{22}{7}

  2. Calculate the change in longitude (Δλ\Delta\lambda) between A and B.

    Since A is at 15∘E15^\circ E and B is at 75∘W75^\circ W, the total change in longitude is:

    Δλ=15∘−(−75∘)=15∘+75∘=90∘\Delta\lambda = 15^\circ - (-75^\circ) = 15^\circ + 75^\circ = 90^\circ
  3. Use the formula for distance along a parallel of latitude to find XX.

    The formula is: Distance =Δλ360∘×2πRcos⁡(X)= \frac{\Delta\lambda}{360^\circ} \times 2\pi R \cos(X)
    Substitute the known values:

    5005=90360×2×227×6370×cos⁡(X)5005 = \frac{90}{360} \times 2 \times \frac{22}{7} \times 6370 \times \cos(X) 5005=14×447×6370×cos⁡(X)5005 = \frac{1}{4} \times \frac{44}{7} \times 6370 \times \cos(X) 5005=117×6370×cos⁡(X)5005 = \frac{11}{7} \times 6370 \times \cos(X) 5005=11×(63707)×cos⁡(X)5005 = 11 \times \left(\frac{6370}{7}\right) \times \cos(X) 5005=11×910×cos⁡(X)5005 = 11 \times 910 \times \cos(X) 5005=10010×cos⁡(X)5005 = 10010 \times \cos(X) cos⁡(X)=500510010=12\cos(X) = \frac{5005}{10010} = \frac{1}{2} X=cos⁡−1(12)=60∘X = \cos^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = 60^\circ

    Since the latitude is X∘NX^\circ N, X=60∘NX = 60^\circ N.

  4. State the position of point B.

    The position of point B is (60∘N,75∘W)(60^\circ N, 75^\circ W).
    The position of point A is (60∘N,15∘E)(60^\circ N, 15^\circ E).

    Part (a) (ii) Calculate the position of point C

  5. Identify the given information for the journey from B to C.

    Point B: (60∘N,75∘W)(60^\circ N, 75^\circ W)
    Aircraft flew due South for 3 hours 40 minutes.
    Speed =910 km/h= 910 \text{ km/h}

  6. Calculate the time taken for the journey from B to C in hours.

    Time =3 hours 40 minutes=3+4060 hours=3+23 hours=113 hours= 3 \text{ hours } 40 \text{ minutes} = 3 + \frac{40}{60} \text{ hours} = 3 + \frac{2}{3} \text{ hours} = \frac{11}{3} \text{ hours}

  7. Calculate the distance from B to C.

    Distance = Speed ×\times Time

    Distance BC=910 km/h×113 h=100103 km\text{Distance BC} = 910 \text{ km/h} \times \frac{11}{3} \text{ h} = \frac{10010}{3} \text{ km}
  8. Use the formula for distance along a meridian to find the latitude of C.

    Since the aircraft flew due South, the longitude remains the

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