c) Three effects of the revolution of the Earth on human activities:

26. c) Three effects of the revolution of the Earth on human activities:

• It causes the change of seasons, influencing agricultural practices and clothing choices.
• It leads to variations in the length of day and night throughout the year, affecting daily routines and energy consumption.
• It contributes to different climatic zones across the globe, impacting settlement patterns and economic activities.

d) Three significances of weather to the human environment:

• Weather influences agricultural productivity through rainfall and temperature, determining crop yields.
• It affects water resources, impacting availability for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use.
• Weather conditions dictate transportation and communication, with extreme weather disrupting travel and infrastructure.

27. a) Three methods of recording data that Demo will use in fieldwork:

• Note-taking
• Photography
• Sketching/Drawing

b) Two analysis methods used to analyze data collected in fieldwork:

• Content analysis
• Thematic analysis

28. a) Four European colonial powers that came to Africa:

• Britain
• France
• Portugal
• Belgium

b) The main reason for holding the Berlin Conference (1884 – 1885) was to regulate European colonization and trade in Africa and prevent conflicts among the European powers.

c) Four reasons why the Europeans scrambled for colonies in Africa:

• Search for raw materials for their industries.
• Desire for new markets to sell their manufactured goods.
• Strategic locations for military and naval bases.
• National prestige and power among European nations.

29. a) Three factors that led to the development of Trans-Saharan slave trade in Africa:

• Demand for labor in North Africa and the Middle East.
• Existence of established trade routes across the Sahara Desert.
• Availability of slaves from sub-Saharan African regions.

b) Briefly describe the organization of Trans-Saharan slave trade in terms of:

i) Transport (2 marks)
Transport was primarily by camel caravans across the Sahara Desert. Slaves were often forced to walk, chained together, over long distances.

ii) Goods used in the trade (4 marks)
Goods traded from sub-Saharan Africa to the north included slaves, gold, ivory, and kola nuts. Goods traded from North Africa to the south included salt, textiles, horses, weapons, and manufactured goods.