Write and explain four factors that led to the rise of the songhai empire

Here are four factors that led to the rise of the Songhai Empire:

1. Decline of the Mali Empire: The weakening of the Mali Empire in the 15th century created a power vacuum. This allowed Songhai, which was previously a vassal state, to assert its independence and expand its territory.
2. Strategic Location and Trade: Songhai's location along the Niger River provided fertile land for agriculture and crucial control over trans-Saharan trade routes. This allowed them to tax trade and accumulate wealth, which funded their expansion.
3. Strong Leadership: The leadership of Sonni Ali was pivotal. He was a brilliant military commander who conquered key cities like Timbuktu and Djenné, consolidating Songhai's power and establishing a vast empire.
4. Military Strength: Sonni Ali developed a powerful and well-organized army, including a formidable cavalry and a river navy. This military might was essential for conquering new territories and maintaining control over the empire's vast domain.