Three methods used by the British to establish colonial rule in Kenya were: 1. Military Conquest and Suppression: The British used their superior military technology and organization to subdue local resistance. They engaged in numerous military campaigns against various ethnic groups, such as the Nandi and the Maasai, to break their power and assert dominance. This often involved violent suppression of uprisings and the imposition of British authority through force. 2. Administrative and Political Control: The British established a formal administrative structure to govern the colony. They appointed colonial officials, such as governors and district commissioners, to oversee different regions. They also implemented policies like the indirect rule system in some areas, where they utilized existing local leaders to enforce British laws and collect taxes, thereby co-opting local power structures for colonial administration. 3. Economic Exploitation and Land Alienation: The British restructured Kenya's economy to benefit the colonial power. They introduced cash crops like tea, coffee, and sisal for export, often forcing or encouraging local populations to cultivate them. Crucially, they alienated large tracts of fertile land, particularly in the highlands, for European settlers. This land alienation displaced indigenous communities and created a labor force dependent on colonial economic activities.