Dont interprete in kiswahili

a) Differentiate between RAM and ROM as used in computers.

• RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory that stores data and programs currently in use. Data is lost when the computer is powered off. It can be both read from and written to.
• ROM (Read Only Memory) is non-volatile memory that stores essential startup instructions (like BIOS). Data is retained when the computer is powered off. It is typically read-only.

b) Explain two primary components of a CPU.

• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs all arithmetic operations (like addition, subtraction) and logical operations (like comparisons).
• Control Unit (CU): Fetches, decodes, and executes instructions from programs, managing the flow of data within the CPU and between the CPU and other devices.

c) State one purpose of a motherboard in a computer system.

• The motherboard connects all the computer's components, such as the CPU, RAM, and expansion cards, and allows communication between them.

d) Explain two advantages of using an SSD storage device over an HDD.

• Speed: SSDs are significantly faster at reading and writing data than HDDs because they have no moving parts. This leads to quicker boot times and faster application loading.
• Durability: SSDs are more resistant to physical shock and vibration because they lack mechanical components, making them more durable than HDDs.

e) Provide one function of the power supply unit (PSU) in a computer.

• The PSU converts AC power from the wall outlet into the DC power required by the various components of the computer.

f) Differentiate between a "cold boot" and a "warm boot" used on computers.

• Cold boot: This refers to starting a computer from a completely powered-off state. It involves turning on the power and the operating system loading from scratch.
• Warm boot: This refers to restarting a computer without completely cutting off the power. The operating system reloads, but the hardware remains powered.