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Which of the following persons cannot inherit from a deceased person in terms of intestate succession law?

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a juristic person cannot inherit under intestate succession law
Under intestate succession law, inheritance typically passes to natural persons who are blood relatives, adopted children, or spouses of the deceased.
Let's analyze each option:
- [1] A prodigal: A prodigal is a natural person who is reckless with their money. Their financial habits do not disqualify them from inheriting.
- [2] The child of the deceased born outside of a valid marriage: In modern intestate succession law (e.g., in South Africa, where this question likely originates), children born outside of a valid marriage have the same inheritance rights as children born within a marriage.
- [3] An unborn child, if he or she is born alive after the death of the deceased: This refers to the nasciturus fiction. An unborn child can inherit if it was conceived before the deceased's death and is subsequently born alive.
- [4] A juristic person, such as the SPCA: A juristic person is a legal entity (like a company, trust, or association) that is not a natural person. Intestate succession law is designed to distribute assets to natural persons based on familial relationships. Juristic persons cannot inherit under intestate succession, although they can be beneficiaries in a will (testate succession).
Therefore, a juristic person cannot inherit under intestate succession law.
The correct option is [4]. A juristic person, such as the SPCA.
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Under intestate succession law, inheritance typically passes to natural persons who are blood relatives, adopted children, or spouses of the deceased.