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63 = (6!)/(3!(6-3)!) = (6!)/(3!3!) = (6 x 5 x 4)/(3 x 2 x 1) = 20

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

11 steps

Step 3: Calculate the binomial coefficient and simplify.

(63)=6!3!(6−3)!=6!3!3!=6×5×43×2×1=20\binom{6}{3} = \frac{6!}{3!(6-3)!} = \frac{6!}{3!3!} = \frac{6 \times 5 \times 4}{3 \times 2 \times 1} = 20 (2x)3=23x3=8x3(2x)^3 = 2^3 x^3 = 8x^3 (−1)3=−1(-1)^3 = -1

Step 4: Combine the terms.

T4=20⋅(8x3)⋅(−1)T_4 = 20 \cdot (8x^3) \cdot (-1) T4=160x3⋅(−1)T_4 = 160x^3 \cdot (-1) T4=−160x3T_4 = -160x^3

The coefficient of x3x^3 is −160-160.

The coefficient of x3x^3 is -160\boxed{\text{-160}}.
This is not among options a) 60, b) -60, c) 120, d) -120.
The correct option is e) None of the above.

Part 41· 3 steps

The coefficient of x4x^4 in the expansion of (1+x)7(1+x)^7 is

  1. Use the general term formula

    Tk+1=(nk)an−kbkT_{k+1} = \binom{n}{k} a^{n-k} b^k.
    Here, a=1a=1, b=xb=x, and n=7n=7.
    We want the coefficient of x4x^4, so we set k=4k=4.

  2. Substitute k=4k=4 into the formula.

    T4+1=(74)(1)7−4(x)4T_{4+1} = \binom{7}{4} (1)^{7-4} (x)^4 T5=(74)(1)3x4T_5 = \binom{7}{4} (1)^3 x^4
  3. Calculate the binomial coefficient and simplify.

    (74)=7!4!(7−4)!=7!4!3!=7×6×53×2×1=35\binom{7}{4} = \frac{7!}{4!(7-4)!} = \frac{7!}{4!3!} = \frac{7 \times 6 \times 5}{3 \times 2 \times 1} = 35 T5=35⋅1⋅x4T_5 = 35 \cdot 1 \cdot x^4 T5=35x4T_5 = 35x^4

    The coefficient of x4x^4 is 35.

    The coefficient of x4x^4 is 35\boxed{\text{35}}.
    This matches option b) 35.

Part 42· 3 steps

The term independent of xx in the expansion of (1−5x)4(1-5x)^4 is

  1. Use the general term formula

    Tk+1=(nk)an−kbkT_{k+1} = \binom{n}{k} a^{n-k} b^k.
    Here, a=1a=1, b=−5xb=-5x, and n=4n=4.
    The term independent of xx is the term where the power of xx is 0. This occurs when k=0k=0.

  2. Substitute k=0k=0 into the formula.

    T0+1=(40)(1)4−0(−5x)0T_{0+1} = \binom{4}{0} (1)^{4-0} (-5x)^0 T1=(40)(1)4(1)T_1 = \binom{4}{0} (1)^4 (1)
  3. Calculate the value.

    (40)=1\binom{4}{0} = 1 T1=1⋅1⋅1=1T_1 = 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 = 1

    The term independent of xx is 1.

    The term independent of xx is 1\boxed{\text{1}}.
    This is not among options a) -50, b) 50, c) -10, d) 10.
    The correct option is e) None of the above.

Part 43· 3 steps

The middle term in the expansion of (1+x)11(1+x)^{11} is

  1. Determine the number of terms in the expansion.

    For (a+b)n(a+b)^n, there are n+1n+1 terms. Here n=11n=11, so there are 11+1=1211+1=12 terms.

  2. Find the position of the middle terms.

    Since there are 12 terms (an even number), there are two middle terms. Their positions are 122=6\frac{12}{2}=6-th term and 122+1=7\frac{12}{2}+1=7-th term.

  3. Use the general term formula Tk+1=(nk)an−kbkT_{k+1} = \binom{n}{k} a^{n-k} b^k.

    For (1+x)11(1+x)^{11}, a=1a=1, b=xb=x, n=11n=11.
    For the 6-th term, k+1=6  ⟹  k=5k+1=6 \implies k=5.

    T6=(115)(1)11−5(x)5=(115)x5T_6 = \binom{11}{5} (1)^{11-5} (x)^5 = \binom{11}{5} x^5

    For the 7-th term, k+1=7  ⟹  k=6k+1=7 \implies k=6.

    T7=(116)(1)11−6(x)6=(116)x6T_7 = \binom{11}{6} (1)^{11-6} (x)^6 = \binom{11}{6} x^6

    The middle terms are (115)x5\binom{11}{5} x^5 and (116)x6\binom{11}{6} x^6.
    The options provided are powers of xx. Option b) x5x^5 corresponds to the variable part of one of the middle terms.

    The middle term (referring to the power of xx) is x5\boxed{x^5}.
    This matches option b) x5x^5.

Part 44· 2 steps

The determinant of the 2×22 \times 2 matrix (3425)\begin{pmatrix} 3 & 4 \\ 2 & 5 \end{pmatrix} is

  1. Recall the formula for the determinant of a 2×22 \times 2 matrix.

    For a matrix (abcd)\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}, the determinant is ad−bcad-bc.

  2. Substitute the values from the given matrix.

    Here, a=3a=3, b=4b=4, c=2c=2, d=5d=5.

    Determinant=(3)(5)−(4)(2)\text{Determinant} = (3)(5) - (4)(2) =15−8= 15 - 8 =7= 7

    The determinant is 7\boxed{\text{7}}.
    This matches option b) 7.

Part 45

The product of a square matrix and its inverse is always

The product of a square matrix and its inverse is, by definition, the identity matrix. The identity matrix is a square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere.

The product of a square matrix and its inverse is always the identity matrix\boxed{\text{identity matrix}}.

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