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A building is viewed from two points on the ground. From point S, the angle of elevation to the top is 70 degrees. Point T is 30m directly above S. From T, the angle of elevation to the top is 20 degr

Mathematics

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Answer

34.59 m34.59 \text{ m}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Define variables and set up the diagram based on the problem description.

    Let hh be the height of the building (from the ground level at S to the top of the building, B).
    Let xx be the horizontal distance from point S (and T) to the base of the building.
    Let P be the base of the building, so BP = hh.
    Point T is vertically above S, with ST=30ST = 30 m.
    Draw a horizontal line from T to the building, meeting it at point Q.
    Then PQ=ST=30PQ = ST = 30 m.
    The height from Q to the top of the building B is BQ=BP−PQ=h−30BQ = BP - PQ = h - 30.

  2. Formulate equations using trigonometry for the angle of elevation from S.

    From point S, the angle of elevation to the top of the building B is 70∘70^\circ.
    In the right-angled triangle formed by B, P, and S:

    tan⁡(70∘)=oppositeadjacent=BPSP=hx\tan(70^\circ) = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{adjacent}} = \frac{BP}{SP} = \frac{h}{x}

    This gives us our first equation:

    h=xtan⁡(70∘)(1)h = x \tan(70^\circ) \quad (1)
  3. Formulate equations using trigonometry for the angle of elevation from T.

    From point T, the angle of elevation to the top of the building B is 20∘20^\circ.
    In the right-angled triangle formed by B, Q, and T:

    tan⁡(20∘)=oppositeadjacent=BQQT=h−30x\tan(20^\circ) = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{adjacent}} = \frac{BQ}{QT} = \frac{h - 30}{x}

    This gives us our second equation:

    h−30=xtan⁡(20∘)(2)h - 30 = x \tan(20^\circ) \quad (2)
  4. Solve the system of equations for hh.

    From equation (1), we can express xx in terms of hh:

    x=htan⁡(70∘)x = \frac{h}{\tan(70^\circ)}

    Substitute this expression for xx into equation (2):

    h−30=(htan⁡(70∘))tan⁡(20∘)h - 30 = \left(\frac{h}{\tan(70^\circ)}\right) \tan(20^\circ) h−30=htan⁡(20∘)tan⁡(70∘)h - 30 = h \frac{\tan(20^\circ)}{\tan(70^\circ)}

    Rearrange the equation to solve for hh:

    h−htan⁡(20∘)tan⁡(70∘)=30h - h \frac{\tan(20^\circ)}{\tan(70^\circ)} = 30

    Factor out hh:

    h(1−tan⁡(20∘)tan⁡(70∘))=30h \left(1 - \frac{\tan(20^\circ)}{\tan(70^\circ)}\right) = 30

    To simplify the term in the parenthesis, find a common denominator:

    h(tan⁡(70∘)−tan⁡(20∘)tan⁡(70∘))=30h \left(\frac{\tan(70^\circ) - \tan(20^\circ)}{\tan(70^\circ)}\right) = 30

    Now, isolate hh:

    h=30tan⁡(70∘)tan⁡(70∘)−tan⁡(20∘)h = \frac{30 \tan(70^\circ)}{\tan(70^\circ) - \tan(20^\circ)}
  5. Calculate the numerical value of hh.

    Using a calculator:

    tan⁡(70∘)≈2.747477\tan(70^\circ) \approx 2.747477 tan⁡(20∘)≈0.363970\tan(20^\circ) \approx 0.363970

    Substitute these values into the equation for hh:

    h=30×2.7474772.747477−0.363970h = \frac{30 \times 2.747477}{2.747477 - 0.363970} h=82.424312.383507h = \frac{82.42431}{2.383507} h≈34.5890h \approx 34.5890

    Rounding to two decimal places:

    h≈34.59 mh \approx 34.59 \text{ m}

    The height of the building is 34.59 m34.59 \text{ m}.

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