What is a scatter diagram and how is it used to represent data, using the example of infant weight and weight gain?

a) A scatter diagram is a graph that displays the relationship between two quantitative variables for a set of data. Each point on the graph represents a pair of values for the two variables, with one variable plotted on the horizontal axis and the other on the vertical axis. It helps visualize the direction, form, and strength of a relationship between the variables.

b)
The given data for 12 infants are:
X (birth weight in ounces): 112, 111, 107, 119, 92, 80, 81, 84, 118, 106, 103, 94
Y (percentage increase in weight): 63, 6