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A tourist departs from Durban at 08:15 and drives to Kokstad via the N2. The total distance is 195 km. The vehicle maintains an average speed of 105 km/h. The traveller stops for a 20-minute coffee break in Port Shepstone. Determine the arrival time in Kokstad.

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Address question 2.1.1.

    The question asks to use a map (Annexure A) to describe the position of Maseru relative to Matatiele. Since Annexure A is not provided, this question cannot be answered.

    Cannot be answered without Annexure A (the map).\boxed{\text{Cannot be answered without Annexure A (the map).}}
  2. Verify the map scale for 2.1.2.

    Given:
    Map distance = 14 mm
    Actual road distance = 35 km
    Claimed map scale = 1 : 500 000

    First, convert the actual road distance to millimetres to match the map distance unit.

    1 km=1000 m1 \text{ km} = 1000 \text{ m} 1 m=1000 mm1 \text{ m} = 1000 \text{ mm} 1 km=1000×1000 mm=1,000,000 mm1 \text{ km} = 1000 \times 1000 \text{ mm} = 1,000,000 \text{ mm}

    So,

    35 km=35×1,000,000 mm=35,000,000 mm35 \text{ km} = 35 \times 1,000,000 \text{ mm} = 35,000,000 \text{ mm}

    Now, calculate the actual map scale based on the given measurements:

    Map scale=Map distance:Actual distance\text{Map scale} = \text{Map distance} : \text{Actual distance} Map scale=14 mm:35,000,000 mm\text{Map scale} = 14 \text{ mm} : 35,000,000 \text{ mm}

    To express this as a ratio with 1 on the left side, divide both sides by 14:

    Map scale=1414:35,000,00014\text{Map scale} = \frac{14}{14} : \frac{35,000,000}{14} Map scale=1:2,500,000\text{Map scale} = 1 : 2,500,000

    Compare this calculated scale to the traveler's claim:
    Calculated scale: 1 : 2,500,000
    Claimed scale: 1 : 500,000
    Since 2,500,000≠500,0002,500,000 \neq 500,000, the traveler's claim is incorrect.

    The traveler’s claim is incorrect. The calculated map scale is 1 : 2,500,000.\boxed{\text{The traveler's claim is incorrect. The calculated map scale is 1 : 2,500,000.}}
  3. Calculate the driving time for 2.1.3.

    Given:
    Total distance = 195 km
    Average speed = 105 km/h
    The formula for time is Time=DistanceSpeed\text{Time} = \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Speed}}.

    Driving time=195 km105 km/h≈1.8571 hours\text{Driving time} = \frac{195 \text{ km}}{105 \text{ km/h}} \approx 1.8571 \text{ hours}

    Convert the decimal part of the hour to minutes:

    0.8571 hours×60 minutes/hour≈51.426 minutes0.8571 \text{ hours} \times 60 \text{ minutes/hour} \approx 51.426 \text{ minutes}

    Rounding to the nearest minute, the driving time is 1 hour and 51 minutes.

  4. Calculate the total travel time for 2.1.3.

    The traveler stops for a 20-minute coffee break.

    Total travel time=Driving time+Coffee break time\text{Total travel time} = \text{Driving time} + \text{Coffee break time} Total travel time=1 hour 51 minutes+20 minutes\text{Total travel time} = 1 \text{ hour } 51 \text{ minutes} + 20 \text{ minutes} Total travel time=1 hour 71 minutes\text{Total travel time} = 1 \text{ hour } 71 \text{ minutes}

    Since 71 minutes is 1 hour and 11 minutes:

    Total travel time=1 hour+1 hour 11 minutes=2 hours 11 minutes\text{Total travel time} = 1 \text{ hour} + 1 \text{ hour } 11 \text{ minutes} = 2 \text{ hours } 11 \text{ minutes}
  5. Determine the arrival time in Kokstad for 2.1.3.

    Departure time = 08:15
    Add the total travel time:

    Arrival time=08:15+2 hours 11 minutes\text{Arrival time} = 08:15 + 2 \text{ hours } 11 \text{ minutes} Arrival time=10:26\text{Arrival time} = 10:26 Arrival time: 10:26\boxed{\text{Arrival time: 10:26}}
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