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Find the areas of the following trapeziums. A) Given a trapezium with parallel sides 7cm and 9cm, and non-parallel sides 8cm.

Mathematics

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Here's how to find the area of the trapezium.

The formula for the area of a trapezium is:

Area=12(a+b)h\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2}(a+b)h

where aa and bb are the lengths of the parallel sides, and hh is the perpendicular height.

From the image, we have:
Parallel side a=7 cma = 7 \text{ cm}
Parallel side b=9 cmb = 9 \text{ cm}
The non-parallel sides are both 8 cm8 \text{ cm}.

  1. Find the perpendicular height (hh) of the trapezium.

    Since it's an isosceles trapezium, we can draw perpendiculars from the ends of the shorter parallel side to the longer parallel side. This forms a rectangle in the middle and two right-angled triangles on the sides.
    The length of the base of each right-angled triangle is 9 cm−7 cm2=2 cm2=1 cm\frac{9 \text{ cm} - 7 \text{ cm}}{2} = \frac{2 \text{ cm}}{2} = 1 \text{ cm}.
    Using the Pythagorean theorem for one of the right-angled triangles:

    h2+(1 cm)2=(8 cm)2h^2 + (1 \text{ cm})^2 = (8 \text{ cm})^2 h2+1=64h^2 + 1 = 64 h2=64−1h^2 = 64 - 1 h2=63h^2 = 63 h=63 cmh = \sqrt{63} \text{ cm}

    We can simplify 63\sqrt{63} as 9×7=37 cm\sqrt{9 \times 7} = 3\sqrt{7} \text{ cm}.

  2. Substitute the values of aa, bb, and hh into the area formula.

    Area=12(7 cm+9 cm)(37 cm)\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2}(7 \text{ cm} + 9 \text{ cm})(3\sqrt{7} \text{ cm})
  3. Calculate the area.

    Area=12(16 cm)(37 cm)\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2}(16 \text{ cm})(3\sqrt{7} \text{ cm}) Area=8×37 cm2\text{Area} = 8 \times 3\sqrt{7} \text{ cm}^2 Area=247 cm2\text{Area} = 24\sqrt{7} \text{ cm}^2

    The area of the trapezium is \boxed{\text{24\sqrt{7} cm}^2}.

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