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Find the composite function (f ext o g)(x) given f(x) = x2 − 1 and g(x) = sqrt(x) + 1.

Mathematics

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Answer

A. x+2x\text{A. } x + 2\sqrt{x}

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

To find (f∘g)(x)(f \circ g)(x), we need to substitute g(x)g(x) into f(x)f(x).

  1. Identify the given functions.

    We have f(x)=x2−1f(x) = x^2 - 1 and g(x)=x+1g(x) = \sqrt{x} + 1.

  2. Substitute g(x)g(x) into f(x)f(x).

    The notation (f∘g)(x)(f \circ g)(x) means f(g(x))f(g(x)).
    Substitute g(x)g(x) into the expression for f(x)f(x):

    f(g(x))=f(x+1)f(g(x)) = f(\sqrt{x} + 1)

    Replace xx in f(x)f(x) with (x+1)(\sqrt{x} + 1):

    f(x+1)=(x+1)2−1f(\sqrt{x} + 1) = (\sqrt{x} + 1)^2 - 1
  3. Expand the expression.

    Expand (x+1)2(\sqrt{x} + 1)^2 using the formula (a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2(a+b)^2 = a^2 + 2ab + b^2:

    (x+1)2−1=((x)2+2(x)(1)+12)−1(\sqrt{x} + 1)^2 - 1 = ((\sqrt{x})^2 + 2(\sqrt{x})(1) + 1^2) - 1 =(x+2x+1)−1= (x + 2\sqrt{x} + 1) - 1
  4. Simplify the expression.

    x+2x+1−1=x+2xx + 2\sqrt{x} + 1 - 1 = x + 2\sqrt{x}
  5. Compare with the given options.

    The simplified expression is x+2xx + 2\sqrt{x}. This matches option A.

    The final answer is A. x+2x\text{A. } x + 2\sqrt{x}.

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