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Consider the functions g(x) = a^x and its reflection in the y-axis, h(x). Point A is (-3; 27/8) and point B is the y-intercept of g(x). Find the coordinates of B, the value of a, the equation of h(x),

Mathematics

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8 parts
5.1

(0;1)\mathbf{(0; 1)}

5.2

23\mathbf{\frac{2}{3}}

5.3

h(x)=(32)x\mathbf{h(x) = \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^x}

5.4

y=log⁡32x\mathbf{y = \log_{\frac{3}{2}} x}

5.5

0<x≤32\mathbf{0 < x \le \frac{3}{2}}

5.6

x>3\mathbf{x > 3}

6.1

2\mathbf{2}

6.2

a=6 and p=−1\mathbf{a=6 \text{ and } p=-1}

Step-by-step solution

22 steps

Part 5

Part 5.1

(0;1)\mathbf{(0; 1)}

Write down the coordinates of B.

  1. Identify B as the y-intercept.

    The y-intercept occurs when x=0x=0.

  2. Substitute x=0x=0 into the function g(x)=axg(x) = a^x.

    g(0)=a0=1g(0) = a^0 = 1

    The coordinates of B are (0;1)\boxed{\mathbf{(0; 1)}}.

Part 5.2

23\mathbf{\frac{2}{3}}

Determine the value of aa.

  1. Use the given point A(−3;278)A(-3; \frac{27}{8}) which lies on g(x)=axg(x) = a^x.

    Substitute the coordinates of A into the equation:

    278=a−3\frac{27}{8} = a^{-3}
  2. Solve for aa.

    278=1a3\frac{27}{8} = \frac{1}{a^3} a3=827a^3 = \frac{8}{27} a=8273a = \sqrt[3]{\frac{8}{27}} a=23a = \frac{2}{3}

    The value of aa is 23\boxed{\mathbf{\frac{2}{3}}}.

Part 5.3

h(x)=(32)x\mathbf{h(x) = \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^x}

Determine the equation of hh if hh is the reflection of gg in the y-axis.

  1. Understand reflection in the y-axis.

    A reflection in the y-axis means replacing xx with −x-x in the function's equation.

  2. Apply the reflection to g(x)=(23)xg(x) = \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^x.

    h(x)=g(−x)=(23)−xh(x) = g(-x) = \left(\frac{2}{3}\right)^{-x} h(x)=(32)xh(x) = \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^x

    The equation of hh is h(x)=(32)x\boxed{\mathbf{h(x) = \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^x}}.

Part 5.4

y=log⁡32x\mathbf{y = \log_{\frac{3}{2}} x}

Write down the equation of h−1(x)h^{-1}(x), the inverse of hh, in the form y=…y = \dots.

  1. Start with the equation of h(x)h(x) and replace h(x)h(x) with yy.

    y=(32)xy = \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^x
  2. Swap xx and yy to find the inverse.

    x=(32)yx = \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^y
  3. Solve for yy by converting the exponential equation to logarithmic form.

    y=log⁡32xy = \log_{\frac{3}{2}} x

    The equation of h−1(x)h^{-1}(x) is y=log⁡32x\boxed{\mathbf{y = \log_{\frac{3}{2}} x}}.

Part 5.5

0<x≤32\mathbf{0 < x \le \frac{3}{2}}

For which values of xx will h−1(x)≤1h^{-1}(x) \le 1?

  1. Set up the inequality using the inverse function.

    log⁡32x≤1\log_{\frac{3}{2}} x \le 1
  2. Convert the logarithmic inequality to an exponential inequality.

    Since the base 32>1\frac{3}{2} > 1, the inequality direction remains the same.

    x≤(32)1x \le \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^1 x≤32x \le \frac{3}{2}
  3. Consider the domain of the logarithmic function.

    For h−1(x)=log⁡32xh^{-1}(x) = \log_{\frac{3}{2}} x, the domain requires x>0x > 0.
    Combining the conditions, 0<x≤320 < x \le \frac{3}{2}.
    The values of xx are 0<x≤32\boxed{\mathbf{0 < x \le \frac{3}{2}}}.

Part 5.6

x>3\mathbf{x > 3}

Write down the domain of h−1(x−3)h^{-1}(x-3).

  1. Recall the domain of h−1(x)h^{-1}(x).

    The domain of h−1(x)=log⁡32xh^{-1}(x) = \log_{\frac{3}{2}} x is x>0x > 0.

  2. Apply the domain restriction to the argument of h−1(x−3)h^{-1}(x-3).

    For h−1(x−3)h^{-1}(x-3), the expression inside the logarithm, (x−3)(x-3), must be greater than 0.

    x−3>0x-3 > 0 x>3x > 3

    The domain of h−1(x−3)h^{-1}(x-3) is x>3\boxed{\mathbf{x > 3}}.

Part 6

The function ff is defined by f(x)=ax+p+qf(x) = \frac{a}{x+p} + q.

Part 6.1

2\mathbf{2}

Write down the value of qq.

  1. Identify the relationship between the range and the horizontal asymptote.

    For a hyperbola f(x)=ax+p+qf(x) = \frac{a}{x+p} + q, the horizontal asymptote is y=qy=q. The range is y∈R,y≠qy \in \mathbb{R}, y \ne q.

  2. Use the given range.

    The range of ff is y∈R,y≠2y \in \mathbb{R}, y \ne 2.
    Therefore, q=2q=2.
    The value of qq is 2\boxed{\mathbf{2}}.

Part 6.2

a=6 and p=−1\mathbf{a=6 \text{ and } p=-1}

Calculate the values of aa and pp.

  1. Use the horizontal asymptote to update the function.

    From 6.1, q=2q=2, so f(x)=ax+p+2f(x) = \frac{a}{x+p} + 2.

  2. Use the axis of symmetry to find pp.

    The vertical asymptote is x=−px = -p. The point of intersection of the asymptotes is (−p;q)(-p; q), which is (−p;2)(-p; 2).
    The axes of symmetry pass through this point. The given axis of symmetry is y=x+1y = x+1.
    Substitute (−p;2)(-p; 2) into y=x+1y = x+1:

    2=−p+12 = -p + 1 p=1−2p = 1 - 2 p=−1p = -1
  3. Use the point the graph passes through to find aa.

    Now the function is f(x)=ax−1+2f(x) = \frac{a}{x-1} + 2.
    The graph passes through (0;−4)(0; -4). Substitute this point into the function:

    −4=a0−1+2-4 = \frac{a}{0-1} + 2 −4=a−1+2-4 = \frac{a}{-1} + 2 −4=−a+2-4 = -a + 2 −a=−6-a = -6 a=6a = 6

    The values are a=6 and p=−1\boxed{\mathbf{a=6 \text{ and } p=-1}}.

Part 6.3· 3 steps

Sketch a neat graph of this function. Your graph must include the intercepts with the axes and asymptotes if any.

  1. Identify the asymptotes.

    From f(x)=6x−1+2f(x) = \frac{6}{x-1} + 2:
    Vertical asymptote: x=1x=1.
    Horizontal asymptote: y=2y=2.

  2. Determine the intercepts.

    Y-intercept (set x=0x=0):

    f(0)=60−1+2=−6+2=−4f(0) = \frac{6}{0-1} + 2 = -6 + 2 = -4

    The y-intercept is (0;−4)(0; -4).
    X-intercept (set f(x)=0f(x)=0):

    0=6x−1+20 = \frac{6}{x-1} + 2 −2=6x−1-2 = \frac{6}{x-1} −2(x−1)=6-2(x-1) = 6 −2x+2=6-2x + 2 = 6 −2x=4-2x = 4 x=−2x = -2

    The x-intercept is (−2;0)(-2; 0).

  3. Sketch the graph.

    Plot the vertical asymptote x=1x=1 and the horizontal asymptote y=2y=2.
    Plot the intercepts (0;−4)(0; -4) and (−2;0)(-2; 0).
    Draw the two branches of the hyperbola, approaching the asymptotes and passing through the intercepts.

    graph TD
        A[Start] --> B{Plot Asymptotes};
        B --> C[Vertical: x=1];
        B --> D[Horizontal: y=2];
        B --> E{Find Intercepts};
        E --> F[Y-intercept: (0, -4)];
        E --> G[X-intercept: (-2, 0)];
        E --> H{Sketch Hyperbola Branches};
        H --> I[Pass through intercepts];
        H --> J[Approach asymptotes];
        J --> K[End];
    
    style A fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style B fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style C fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style D fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style E fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style F fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style G fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style H fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style I fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style J fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    style K fill:#fff,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
    

    The graph should look like this:
    (Due to text-based format, I cannot draw the graph directly. Please sketch it on graph paper using the information above.)

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