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Evaluate the definite integral integral0^pi 16 2 x 2 x \,dx.

Mathematics

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Answer

2π2\pi

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

To solve the integral ∫0π16sin⁡2xcos⁡2x dx\int_0^\pi 16 \sin^2 x \cos^2 x \,dx, we will use trigonometric identities to simplify the integrand.

  1. Rewrite the integrand using the double angle identity for sine.

    We know that sin⁡(2x)=2sin⁡xcos⁡x\sin(2x) = 2 \sin x \cos x.
    Squaring both sides gives sin⁡2(2x)=(2sin⁡xcos⁡x)2=4sin⁡2xcos⁡2x\sin^2(2x) = (2 \sin x \cos x)^2 = 4 \sin^2 x \cos^2 x.
    Therefore, sin⁡2xcos⁡2x=14sin⁡2(2x)\sin^2 x \cos^2 x = \frac{1}{4} \sin^2(2x).

    Substitute this into the integral:

    ∫0π16(14sin⁡2(2x)) dx\int_0^\pi 16 \left( \frac{1}{4} \sin^2(2x) \right) \,dx ∫0π4sin⁡2(2x) dx\int_0^\pi 4 \sin^2(2x) \,dx
  2. Use the power-reducing identity for sin⁡2θ\sin^2 \theta.

    The identity is sin⁡2θ=1−cos⁡(2θ)2\sin^2 \theta = \frac{1 - \cos(2\theta)}{2}.
    In our case, θ=2x\theta = 2x, so 2θ=4x2\theta = 4x.

    sin⁡2(2x)=1−cos⁡(4x)2\sin^2(2x) = \frac{1 - \cos(4x)}{2}

    Substitute this into the integral:

    ∫0π4(1−cos⁡(4x)2) dx\int_0^\pi 4 \left( \frac{1 - \cos(4x)}{2} \right) \,dx ∫0π2(1−cos⁡(4x)) dx\int_0^\pi 2 (1 - \cos(4x)) \,dx ∫0π(2−2cos⁡(4x)) dx\int_0^\pi (2 - 2\cos(4x)) \,dx
  3. Integrate the expression.

    ∫(2−2cos⁡(4x)) dx=2x−2(sin⁡(4x)4)+C\int (2 - 2\cos(4x)) \,dx = 2x - 2 \left( \frac{\sin(4x)}{4} \right) + C =2x−12sin⁡(4x)+C= 2x - \frac{1}{2} \sin(4x) + C
  4. Evaluate the definite integral using the limits from 0 to π\pi.

    [2x−12sin⁡(4x)]0π\left[ 2x - \frac{1}{2} \sin(4x) \right]_0^\pi =(2(π)−12sin⁡(4π))−(2(0)−12sin⁡(4(0)))= \left( 2(\pi) - \frac{1}{2} \sin(4\pi) \right) - \left( 2(0) - \frac{1}{2} \sin(4(0)) \right)

    We know that sin⁡(4π)=0\sin(4\pi) = 0 and sin⁡(0)=0\sin(0) = 0.

    =(2π−12(0))−(0−12(0))= \left( 2\pi - \frac{1}{2}(0) \right) - \left( 0 - \frac{1}{2}(0) \right) =2π−0−0+0= 2\pi - 0 - 0 + 0 =2π= 2\pi

    The final answer is 2π2\pi.

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