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Find the difference between the roman numeration MMLXV and MCM. Hence convert the difference into binary. 2. Convert the Egyptian numeral ∩∩∩ ||||| into roman numerals. 3. Carry out the operation indi

Mathematics

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Here are the solutions for Section A:

SECTION A

1. Find the difference between the roman numeration MMLXV and MCM. Hence convert the difference into binary.

  1. Convert MMLXV to decimal.

    MMLXV = M + M + L + X + V = 1000+1000+50+10+5=20651000 + 1000 + 50 + 10 + 5 = 2065

  2. Convert MCM to decimal.

    MCM = M + CM = 1000+(1000−100)=1000+900=19001000 + (1000 - 100) = 1000 + 900 = 1900

  3. Find the difference.

    Difference = 2065−1900=1652065 - 1900 = 165

  4. Convert the difference (165) to binary.

    165÷2=82 R 1165 \div 2 = 82 \text{ R } 1 82÷2=41 R 082 \div 2 = 41 \text{ R } 0 41÷2=20 R 141 \div 2 = 20 \text{ R } 1 20÷2=10 R 020 \div 2 = 10 \text{ R } 0 10÷2=5 R 010 \div 2 = 5 \text{ R } 0 5÷2=2 R 15 \div 2 = 2 \text{ R } 1 2÷2=1 R 02 \div 2 = 1 \text{ R } 0 1÷2=0 R 11 \div 2 = 0 \text{ R } 1

    Reading the remainders from bottom to top:
    The difference in binary is 101001012\boxed{\text{10100101}_2}.

    2. Convert the Egyptian numeral ∩∩∩∣∣∣∣∣\cap\cap\cap ||||| into roman numerals.

  5. Determine the decimal value of the Egyptian numeral.

    The Egyptian numeral ∩∩∩∣∣∣∣∣\cap\cap\cap ||||| represents:
    ∩\cap (heel-bone) = 10
    ∣| (single stroke) = 1
    So, ∩∩∩∣∣∣∣∣=(3×10)+(5×1)=30+5=35\cap\cap\cap ||||| = (3 \times 10) + (5 \times 1) = 30 + 5 = 35.

  6. Convert the decimal value to Roman numerals.

    35=30+5=XXX+V=XXXV35 = 30 + 5 = \text{XXX} + \text{V} = \text{XXXV}.
    The Roman numeral is XXXV\boxed{\text{XXXV}}.

    3. Carry out the operation indicated in each of the following:

    i. 3345+2245334_5 + 224_5

  7. Add the numbers in base 5.

      334_5
    + 224_5
    -------
    

    Starting from the rightmost digit:
    45+45=810=1×5+3=1354_5 + 4_5 = 8_{10} = 1 \times 5 + 3 = 13_5. Write down 3, carry over 1.
    35+25+15(carry)=610=1×5+1=1153_5 + 2_5 + 1_5 (\text{carry}) = 6_{10} = 1 \times 5 + 1 = 11_5. Write down 1, carry over

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