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Find the distance between the points A(-3, 2) and B(4, -6). Find the acute angle between the lines 2x + 3y = 5 and 3x + 2y = 1 correct to one decimal place.

Mathematics

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Here's the solution for question 1.

1. (a) Find the distance between the points A(-3, 2) and B(4, -6).

  1. State the distance formula.

    The distance DD between two points (x1,y1)(x_1, y_1) and (x2,y2)(x_2, y_2) is given by:

    D=(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2D = \sqrt{(x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2}
  2. Substitute the coordinates of points A and B into the formula.

    Given A(−3,2)A(-3, 2) and B(4,−6)B(4, -6), we have x1=−3x_1 = -3, y1=2y_1 = 2, x2=4x_2 = 4, y2=−6y_2 = -6.

    D=(4−(−3))2+(−6−2)2D = \sqrt{(4 - (-3))^2 + (-6 - 2)^2} D=(4+3)2+(−8)2D = \sqrt{(4 + 3)^2 + (-8)^2} D=(7)2+(−8)2D = \sqrt{(7)^2 + (-8)^2} D=49+64D = \sqrt{49 + 64} D=113D = \sqrt{113}
  3. Calculate the numerical value.

    D≈10.6301D \approx 10.6301

    The distance is:

    10.63 units\boxed{10.63 \text{ units}}

    1. (b) Find the acute angle between the lines 2x+3y=52x + 3y = 5 and 3x+2y=13x + 2y = 1 correct to one decimal place.

  4. Find the slopes of both lines.

    For the first line, 2x+3y=52x + 3y = 5:

    3y=−2x+53y = -2x + 5 y=−23x+53y = -\frac{2}{3}x + \frac{5}{3}

    So, the slope m1=−23m_1 = -\frac{2}{3}.

    For the second line, 3x+2y=13x + 2y = 1:

    2y=−3x+12y = -3x + 1 y=−32x+12y = -\frac{3}{2}x + \frac{1}{2}

    So, the slope m2=−32m_2 = -\frac{3}{2}.

  5. Use the formula for the angle between two lines.

    The acute angle θ\theta between two lines with slopes m1m_1 and m2m_2 is given by:

    tan⁡θ=∣m1−m21+m1m2∣\tan \theta = \left| \frac{m_1 - m_2}{1 + m_1 m_2} \right|

    Substitute m1=−23m_1 = -\frac{2}{3} and m2=−32m_2 = -\frac{3}{2}:

    tan⁡θ=∣−23−(−32)1+(−23)(−32)∣\tan \theta = \left| \frac{-\frac{2}{3} - \left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)}{1 + \left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)\left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)} \right| tan⁡θ=∣−23+321+66∣\tan \theta = \left| \frac{-\frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{2}}{1 + \frac{6}{6}} \right| tan⁡θ=∣−46+961+1∣\tan \theta = \left| \frac{-\frac{4}{6} + \frac{9}{6}}{1 + 1} \right| tan⁡θ=∣562∣\tan \theta = \left| \frac{\frac{5}{6}}{2} \right| tan⁡θ=56×12\tan \theta = \frac{5}{6} \times \frac{1}{2} tan⁡θ=512\tan \theta = \frac{5}{12}
  6. Calculate the angle θ\theta.

    θ=arctan⁡(512)\theta = \arctan\left(\frac{5}{12}\right) θ≈22.61986∘\theta \approx 22.61986^\circ

    Round to one decimal place:

    θ=22.6∘\theta = \boxed{22.6^\circ}
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