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Tutatumia radius ya Dunia R = 6370 km na kwamba 1 nautical mile (nm) = 1.852 km. 5) Tafuta umbali katika nautical miles kati ya pointi A(45^ N, 35^ W) na B(45^ N, 100^ E) kando ya sambamba ya latitudo. Pointi zote mbili ziko kwenye latitudo moja ( = 45^ N). Tofauti ya longitudo () itakuwa: = 35^ + 100^ = 135^ Fomula ya umbali kando ya latitudo ni: D = ()/(360^) × 2 R Step 1: Badilisha maadili kwenye fomula ili kupata umbali katika km. D_km = (135^)/(360^) × 2 (6370 km) (45^) Step 2: Kokotoa. D_km = 0.375 × 2 (6370 km) × 0.707106... D_km ≈ 10609.95 km Step 3: Badilisha umbali kutoka km kwenda nm. D_nm = D_km1.852 km/nm D_nm = 10609.95 km1.852 km/nm D_nm ≈ 5728.97 nm D_nm ≈ 5729 nm 6) Tafuta latitudo kusini mwa ikweta ambapo unaposafiri kando ya latitudo kwa 80 nm, mabadiliko ya 2^ katika longitudo hufanywa. Tunapewa umbali D = 80 nm na tofauti ya longitudo = 2^. Tunahitaji kupata latitudo . Fomula ya umbali kando ya latitudo ni: D = ()/(360^) × 2 R Step 1: Badilisha umbali kutoka nm kwenda km. D_km = 80 nm × 1.852 km/nm = 148.16 km Step 2: Panga upya fomula ili kupata . = D_km × 360^2 R Step 3: Badilisha maadili na kokotoa . = 148.16 km × 360^2 (6370 km) × 2^ = (53337.6)/(80048.66...) ≈ 0.66631 Step 4: Tafuta kwa kutumia inverse cosine. = ^-1(0.66631) ≈ 48.21^ Kwa kuwa latitudo iko kusini mwa ikweta, jibu ni: ≈ 48.21^ S 7) Tafuta umbali kati ya pointi P(35^ N, 50^ E) na Q(26^ 30' S, 50^ E) kwenye uso wa Dunia. Pointi zote mbili ziko kwenye longitudo moja (50^ E). Hii inamaanisha umbali utapimwa kando ya meridian (duara kuu). Latitudo za pointi ni 35^ N na 26^ 30' S. Tofauti ya latitudo () itakuwa jumla ya latitudo kwa sababu ziko pande tofauti za ikweta. = 35^ + 26^ 30' = 61^ 30' Badilisha dakika kuwa digrii: 30' = 0.5^. = 61.5^ Fomula ya umbali kando ya duara kuu ni: D = ()/(360^) × 2 R a) Katika km: Step 1: Badilisha maadili kwenye fomula. D_km = (61.5^)/(360^) × 2 (6370 km) Step 2: Kokotoa. D_km = 0.170833... × 2 (6370 km) D_km ≈ 6824.96 km D_km ≈ 6825 km b) Katika nm: Step 3: Badilisha umbali kutoka km kwenda nm. D_nm = D_km1.852 km/nm D_nm = 6824.96 km1.852 km/nm D_nm ≈ 3685.18 nm D_nm ≈ 3685 nm Got more? Send 'em!