Here's the solution to the matrix problems. The data for the cumulative frequency curve is not provided, so that part cannot be solved.
Part 7a:
Given the matrix A=(41−32), find the inverse matrix A−1.
Step 1: Calculate the determinant of matrix A.
For a 2×2 matrix (acbd), the determinant is ad−bc.
det(A)=(4)(2)−(−3)(1)=8−(−3)=8+3=11
Step 2: Apply the formula for the inverse of a 2×2 matrix.
The inverse of A=(acbd) is A−1=det(A)1(d−c−ba).
A−1=111(2−1−(−3)4)=111(2−134)
Step 3: Multiply the scalar into the matrix.
A−1=(112−111113114)
The inverse matrix is (112−111113114).
Part 7b:
Under the linear transformation P of a plane, the image of (2,1) is (4,2) and that of (−7,1) is (−1,7). Find the matrix P of the transformation.
Step 1: Set up the matrix equation for the transformation.
Let the transformation matrix be P=(acbd).
The transformation can be written as Px=x′.
Given P(21)=(42) and P(−71)=(−17).
These two equations can be combined into a single matrix equation:
P(21−71)=(42−17)
Let X=(21−71) and Y=(42−17). So, PX=Y.
Step 2: Find the inverse of matrix X.
First, calculate the determinant of X:
det(X)=(2)(1)−(−7)(1)=2−(−7)=2+7=9
Now, find X−1:
X−1=91(1−1−(−7)2)=91(1−172)
Step 3: Calculate P by multiplying Y by X−1.
Since PX=Y, then P=YX−1.
P=(42−17)91(1−172)
P=91(42−17)(1−172)
Step 4: Perform the matrix multiplication.
P=91((4)(1)+(−1)(−1)(2)(1)+(7)(−1)(4)(7)+(−1)(2)(2)(7)+(7)(2))
P=91(4+12−728−214+14)
P=91(5−52628)
Step 5: Multiply the scalar into the matrix.
P=(95−95926928)
The matrix P of the transformation is (95−95926928).
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