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Find the exact value of sinh(ln 2) and solve cosh2(x) = 1 for x.

Mathematics

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:
We need to find the exact value of sinh(ln⁡2)\text{sinh}(\ln 2).

  1. Recall the definition of sinh(x)\text{sinh}(x).

    sinh(x)=ex−e−x2\text{sinh}(x) = \frac{e^x - e^{-x}}{2}
  2. Substitute x=ln⁡2x = \ln 2 into the definition of sinh(x)\text{sinh}(x).

    sinh(ln⁡2)=eln⁡2−e−ln⁡22\text{sinh}(\ln 2) = \frac{e^{\ln 2} - e^{-\ln 2}}{2}
  3. Simplify the exponential terms.

    Using the property eln⁡a=ae^{\ln a} = a:

    eln⁡2=2e^{\ln 2} = 2

    Using the property e−a=1eae^{-a} = \frac{1}{e^a}:

    e−ln⁡2=eln⁡(2−1)=2−1=12e^{-\ln 2} = e^{\ln(2^{-1})} = 2^{-1} = \frac{1}{2}
  4. Substitute these values back into the expression for sinh(ln⁡2)\text{sinh}(\ln 2).

    sinh(ln⁡2)=2−122\text{sinh}(\ln 2) = \frac{2 - \frac{1}{2}}{2}
  5. Calculate the value.

    First, simplify the numerator: 2−12=42−12=322 - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{4}{2} - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{3}{2}.
    Then, divide by 2:

    sinh(ln⁡2)=322=32×12=34\text{sinh}(\ln 2) = \frac{\frac{3}{2}}{2} = \frac{3}{2} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{3}{4}

    The final answer is 34\boxed{\frac{3}{4}}.

    :
    We need to find xx given the equation cosh⁡2(x)=1\cosh^2(x) = 1.

  6. Solve for cosh⁡(x)\cosh(x).

    Given cosh⁡2(x)=1\cosh^2(x) = 1, taking the square root of both sides gives:

    cosh⁡(x)=±1\cosh(x) = \pm 1
  7. Consider the range of cosh⁡(x)\cosh(x).

    The range of the hyperbolic cosine function, cosh⁡(x)\cosh(x), is [1,∞)[1, \infty). This means cosh⁡(x)\cosh(x) can never be negative.
    Therefore, we must have:

    cosh⁡(x)=1\cosh(x) = 1
  8. Recall the definition of cosh⁡(x)\cosh(x).

    cosh⁡(x)=ex+e−x2\cosh(x) = \frac{e^x + e^{-x}}{2}
  9. Set the definition equal to 1 and solve for xx.

    ex+e−x2=1\frac{e^x + e^{-x}}{2} = 1 ex+e−x=2e^x + e^{-x} = 2
  10. Multiply the entire equation by exe^x to eliminate the negative exponent.

    ex(ex)+ex(e−x)=2exe^x(e^x) + e^x(e^{-x}) = 2e^x e2x+e0=2exe^{2x} + e^0 = 2e^x e2x+1=2exe^{2x} + 1 = 2e^x
  11. Rearrange the equation into a quadratic form.

    e2x−2ex+1=0e^{2x} - 2e^x + 1 = 0
  12. Let y=exy = e^x.

    Substitute yy into the equation.

    y2−2y+1=0y^2 - 2y + 1 = 0
  13. Solve the quadratic equation for yy.

    This is a perfect square trinomial, which can be factored as (y−1)2=0(y-1)^2 = 0.

    (y−1)2=0(y-1)^2 = 0 y−1=0y-1 = 0 y=1y = 1
  14. Substitute back y=exy = e^x and solve for xx.

    ex=1e^x = 1

    To solve for xx, take the natural logarithm of both sides:

    ln⁡(ex)=ln⁡(1)\ln(e^x) = \ln(1) x=0x = 0

    The final answer is x=0\boxed{x=0}.

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