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Solve the exponential equation: (5^x)2 - 6(5^x) + 5 = 0

Mathematics

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Answer

x=0 or x=1x = 0 \text{ or } x = 1

Step-by-step solution

4 steps

Here's the solution for number 7:

  1. Rewrite the exponential equation using the property (am)n=amn(a^m)^n = a^{mn}.

    The given equation is 52x−6×5x+5=05^{2x} - 6 \times 5^x + 5 = 0.
    We can rewrite 52x5^{2x} as (5x)2(5^x)^2.
    So the equation becomes:

    (5x)2−6(5x)+5=0(5^x)^2 - 6(5^x) + 5 = 0
  2. Introduce a substitution to transform the equation into a quadratic form.

    Let y=5xy = 5^x.
    Substitute yy into the equation:

    y2−6y+5=0y^2 - 6y + 5 = 0
  3. Solve the quadratic equation for yy.

    This is a quadratic equation that can be factored. We need two numbers that multiply to 5 and add up to -6. These numbers are -1 and -5.

    (y−1)(y−5)=0(y - 1)(y - 5) = 0

    This gives two possible values for yy:

    y−1=0  ⟹  y=1y - 1 = 0 \implies y = 1 y−5=0  ⟹  y=5y - 5 = 0 \implies y = 5
  4. Substitute back y=5xy = 5^x and solve for xx.

    Case 1: y=1y = 1

    5x=15^x = 1

    Since any non-zero number raised to the power of 0 is 1, we can write 1 as 505^0.

    5x=505^x = 5^0

    Therefore,

    x=0x = 0

    Case 2: y=5y = 5

    5x=55^x = 5

    Since 5 can be written as 515^1.

    5x=515^x = 5^1

    Therefore,

    x=1x = 1

    The values of xx that satisfy the equation are x=0 or x=1\boxed{x = 0 \text{ or } x = 1}.

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