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Factorize x2 - 1, write 5x5x5x5x5 using indices, and simplify 3b2/2b2.

Mathematics

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To factorize the expression x2−1x^2 - 1 completely, we recognize it as a difference of squares, which follows the form a2−b2=(a−b)(a+b)a^2 - b^2 = (a-b)(a+b).

  1. Identify aa and bb.

    In x2−1x^2 - 1, we have a2=x2  ⟹  a=xa^2 = x^2 \implies a = x and b2=1  ⟹  b=1b^2 = 1 \implies b = 1.

  2. Apply the difference of squares formula.

    x2−1=(x−1)(x+1)x^2 - 1 = (x-1)(x+1)

    The completely factorized expression is (x−1)(x+1)\boxed{(x-1)(x+1)}.

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    To write 5×5×5×5×55 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 using indices, we count how many times the base number 5 is multiplied by itself.

  3. Identify the base number.

    The base number is 5.

  4. Count the number of times the base is multiplied.

    The number 5 is multiplied by itself 5 times.

  5. Write in index notation.

    5×5×5×5×5=555 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 = 5^5

    The expression in index notation is 55\boxed{5^5}.

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    To simplify the expression 3b22b2\frac{3b^2}{2b^2} using laws of indices, we can cancel out common terms.

  6. Identify common terms in the numerator and denominator.

    Both the numerator and the denominator have b2b^2.

  7. Cancel out the common terms.

    3b22b2=3×b22×b2=32\frac{3b^2}{2b^2} = \frac{3 \times b^2}{2 \times b^2} = \frac{3}{2}

    Alternatively, using the law of indices aman=am−n\frac{a^m}{a^n} = a^{m-n}:

    3b22b2=32×b2−2=32×b0\frac{3b^2}{2b^2} = \frac{3}{2} \times b^{2-2} = \frac{3}{2} \times b^0

    Since any non-zero number raised to the power of 0 is 1 (b0=1b^0 = 1):

    32×1=32\frac{3}{2} \times 1 = \frac{3}{2}

    The simplified expression is 32\boxed{\frac{3}{2}}.

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    To factorize the expression 4x2+4x4x^2 + 4x, we find the greatest common factor (GCF) of the terms and factor it out.

  8. Identify the terms in the expression.

    The terms are 4x24x^2 and 4x4x.

  9. Find the GCF of the terms.

    The numerical coefficients are 4 and 4, so the common numerical factor is 4.
    The variable parts are x2x^2 and xx, so the common variable factor is xx.
    The GCF is 4x4x.

  10. Factor out the GCF from each term.

    4x2=4x×x4x^2 = 4x \times x 4x=4x×14x = 4x \times 1
  11. Write the expression in factored form.

    4x2+4x=4x(x+1)4x^2 + 4x = 4x(x + 1)

    The factorized expression is 4x(x+1)\boxed{4x(x+1)}.

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    To expand the expression (3x+2)(x−4)(3x+2)(x-4), we use the FOIL method (First, Outer, Inner, Last).

  12. Multiply the First terms.

    (3x)(x)=3x2(3x)(x) = 3x^2
  13. Multiply the Outer terms.

    (3x)(−4)=−12x(3x)(-4) = -12x
  14. Multiply the Inner terms.

    (2)(x)=2x(2)(x) = 2x
  15. Multiply the Last terms.

    (2)(−4)=−8(2)(-4) = -8
  16. Add all the products together.

    3x2−12x+2x−83x^2 - 12x + 2x - 8
  17. Combine like terms.

    3x2+(−12x+2x)−8=3x2−10x−83x^2 + (-12x + 2x) - 8 = 3x^2 - 10x - 8

    The expanded expression is 3x2−10x−8\boxed{3x^2 - 10x - 8}.

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