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Find the first three terms in ascending powers of y in the expansion of (1-y)^(1/3) and the coefficient of x⁻³ in the expansion of ((x+1)(2x - 1/x)3).

Mathematics

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Answer

1−13y−19y21 - \frac{1}{3}y - \frac{1}{9}y^2

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3. Find the first three terms in ascending powers of yy in the expansion of (1−y)13(1-y)^{\frac{1}{3}}.

Use the binomial expansion (1+x)n=1+nx+n(n−1)2!x2+…(1+x)^n = 1 + nx + \frac{n(n-1)}{2!}x^2 + \dots
Here x=−yx=-y and n=13n=\frac{1}{3}.

  1. First term.

    11
  2. Second term.

    n(−y)=13(−y)=−13yn(-y) = \frac{1}{3}(-y) = -\frac{1}{3}y
  3. Third term.

    n(n−1)2!(−y)2=13(13−1)2y2=13(−23)2y2=−292y2=−19y2\frac{n(n-1)}{2!}(-y)^2 = \frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{3}-1\right)}{2} y^2 = \frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)}{2} y^2 = \frac{-\frac{2}{9}}{2} y^2 = -\frac{1}{9}y^2

    The first three terms are 1−13y−19y2\boxed{1 - \frac{1}{3}y - \frac{1}{9}y^2}.

    4. Find the coefficient of x−3x^{-3} in the expansion of ((x+1)(2x−1x)3)\left((x+1)\left(2x - \frac{1}{x}\right)^3\right).

  4. Expand (2x−1x)3\left(2x - \frac{1}{x}\right)^3.

    (2x−1x)3=(2x)3+3(2x)2(−1x)+3(2x)(−1x)2+(−1x)3\left(2x - \frac{1}{x}\right)^3 = (2x)^3 + 3(2x)^2\left(-\frac{1}{x}\right) + 3(2x)\left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)^2 + \left(-\frac{1}{x}\right)^3 =8x3−12x+6x−1x3= 8x^3 - 12x + \frac{6}{x} - \frac{1}{x^3} =8x3−12x+6x−1−x−3= 8x^3 - 12x + 6x^{-1} - x^{-3}
  5. Multiply by (x+1)(x+1).

    (x+1)(8x3−12x+6x−1−x−3)(x+1)(8x^3 - 12x + 6x^{-1} - x^{-3}) =x(8x3−12x+6x−1−x−3)+1(8x3−12x+6x−1−x−3)= x(8x^3 - 12x + 6x^{-1} - x^{-3}) + 1(8x^3 - 12x + 6x^{-1} - x^{-3}) =(8x4−12x2+6x0−x−2)+(8x3−12x+6x−1−x−3)= (8x^4 - 12x^2 + 6x^0 - x^{-2}) + (8x^3 - 12x + 6x^{-1} - x^{-3})
  6. Identify the coefficient of x−3x^{-3}.

    The only term with x−3x^{-3} is −x−3-x^{-3}.
    The coefficient of x−3x^{-3} is −1-1.
    The final answer is −1\boxed{-1}.

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