Given matrices S = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] and Q = [[-1, 4], [0, 1], [2, 7]], compute S + Q^T.

$$S = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \end{pmatrix}$$ $$Q = \begin{pmatrix} -1 & 4 \\ 0 & 1 \\ 2 & 7 \end{pmatrix}$$

To find the transpose, swap the rows and columns of $Q$.
The first row of $Q$ becomes the first column of $Q^T$.
The second row of $Q$ becomes the second column of $Q^T$.
The third row of $Q$ becomes the third column of $Q^T$.

$$Q^T = \begin{pmatrix} -1 & 0 & 2 \\ 4 & 1 & 7 \end{pmatrix}$$

To add matrices, add their corresponding elements. Both $S$ and $Q^T$ are $2 \times 3$ matrices, so they can be added.

$$S + Q^T = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix} -1 & 0 & 2 \\ 4 & 1 & 7 \end{pmatrix}$$ $$S + Q^T = \begin{pmatrix} 1 + (-1) & 2 + 0 & 3 + 2 \\ 4 + 4 & 5 + 1 & 6 + 7 \end{pmatrix}$$ $$S + Q^T = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 2 & 5 \\ 8 & 6 & 13 \end{pmatrix}$$

The calculated matrix is $\begin{pmatrix} 0 & 2 & 5 \\ 8 & 6 & 13 \end{pmatrix}$. This matches option A.

The final answer is $\boxed{\text{A. } \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 2 & 5 \\ 8 & 6 & 13 \end{pmatrix}}$.