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Given P = 2i − 3j + k, Q = 3i − 4j − 3k, and R = 3P + 2Q. Find |R| correct to 2 decimal places.

Mathematics

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Answers

3 parts
7

21.02\text{21.02}

8

y−2x2y−x\frac{y - 2x}{2y - x}

9
0

Step-by-step solution

13 steps

Here are the solutions to questions 7, 8, and 9.

Part 7· 6 steps

Given P=2i−3j+kP = 2i - 3j + k, Q=3i−4j−3kQ = 3i - 4j - 3k, and R=3P+2QR = 3P + 2Q. Find ∣R∣|R| correct to 2 decimal places.

  1. Express vectors P and Q in component form.

    P=[2−31]P = \begin{bmatrix} 2 \\ -3 \\ 1 \end{bmatrix} Q=[3−4−3]Q = \begin{bmatrix} 3 \\ -4 \\ -3 \end{bmatrix}
  2. Calculate $3P$.

    3P=3[2−31]=[3×23×(−3)3×1]=[6−93]3P = 3 \begin{bmatrix} 2 \\ -3 \\ 1 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 3 \times 2 \\ 3 \times (-3) \\ 3 \times 1 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 6 \\ -9 \\ 3 \end{bmatrix}
  3. Calculate $2Q$.

    2Q=2[3−4−3]=[2×32×(−4)2×(−3)]=[6−8−6]2Q = 2 \begin{bmatrix} 3 \\ -4 \\ -3 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 2 \times 3 \\ 2 \times (-4) \\ 2 \times (-3) \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 6 \\ -8 \\ -6 \end{bmatrix}
  4. Calculate vector R by adding $3P$ and $2Q$.

    R=3P+2Q=[6−93]+[6−8−6]=[6+6−9+(−8)3+(−6)]=[12−17−3]R = 3P + 2Q = \begin{bmatrix} 6 \\ -9 \\ 3 \end{bmatrix} + \begin{bmatrix} 6 \\ -8 \\ -6 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 6+6 \\ -9+(-8) \\ 3+(-6) \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 12 \\ -17 \\ -3 \end{bmatrix}
  5. Calculate the magnitude of R, $|R|$.

    The magnitude of a vector [xyz]\begin{bmatrix} x \\ y \\ z \end{bmatrix} is given by x2+y2+z2\sqrt{x^2 + y^2 + z^2}.

    ∣R∣=122+(−17)2+(−3)2|R| = \sqrt{12^2 + (-17)^2 + (-3)^2} ∣R∣=144+289+9|R| = \sqrt{144 + 289 + 9} ∣R∣=442|R| = \sqrt{442}
  6. Calculate the numerical value and round to 2 decimal places.

    ∣R∣≈21.023796...|R| \approx 21.023796...

    Rounded to 2 decimal places:

    ∣R∣≈21.02|R| \approx \boxed{\text{21.02}}

Part 8

y−2x2y−x\frac{y - 2x}{2y - x}

Simplify: 2y2−3xy−2x24y2−x2\frac{2y^2 - 3xy - 2x^2}{4y^2 - x^2}

  1. Factor the numerator 2y2−3xy−2x22y^2 - 3xy - 2x^2.

    We can factor this quadratic expression by finding two terms that multiply to 2y2×(−2x2)=−4x2y22y^2 \times (-2x^2) = -4x^2y^2 and add to −3xy-3xy. These terms are −4xy-4xy and xyxy.

    2y2−3xy−2x2=2y2−4xy+xy−2x22y^2 - 3xy - 2x^2 = 2y^2 - 4xy + xy - 2x^2

    Factor by grouping:

    =2y(y−2x)+x(y−2x)= 2y(y - 2x) + x(y - 2x) =(2y+x)(y−2x)= (2y + x)(y - 2x)
  2. Factor the denominator 4y2−x24y^2 - x^2.

    This is a difference of squares, a2−b2=(a−b)(a+b)a^2 - b^2 = (a-b)(a+b), where a=2ya = 2y and b=xb = x.

    4y2−x2=(2y−x)(2y+x)4y^2 - x^2 = (2y - x)(2y + x)
  3. Substitute the factored expressions back into the fraction and simplify.

    (2y+x)(y−2x)(2y−x)(2y+x)\frac{(2y + x)(y - 2x)}{(2y - x)(2y + x)}

    Cancel out the common factor (2y+x)(2y + x):

    =y−2x2y−x= \frac{y - 2x}{2y - x}

    The simplified expression is y−2x2y−x\boxed{\frac{y - 2x}{2y - x}}.

Part 90

Find x if 32x+3+1=283^{2x+3} + 1 = 28.

  1. Isolate the exponential term.

    32x+3=28−13^{2x+3} = 28 - 1 32x+3=273^{2x+3} = 27
  2. Express the right side of the equation with the same base as the left side.

    We know that 27=3327 = 3^3.

    32x+3=333^{2x+3} = 3^3
  3. Equate the exponents.

    Since the bases are the same, the exponents must be equal.

    2x+3=32x + 3 = 3
  4. Solve for x.

    2x=3−32x = 3 - 3 2x=02x = 0 x=02x = \frac{0}{2} x=0x = \boxed{0}
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