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Given vectors a = 2i + j − 3k, b = 4i − j + 2k, and c = i + 3j − k, find the vector AB x AC and the area of triangle ABC.

Mathematics

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The position vectors are given as:
a⃗=2i⃗+j⃗−3k⃗\vec{a} = 2\vec{i} + \vec{j} - 3\vec{k}
b⃗=4i⃗−j⃗+2k⃗\vec{b} = 4\vec{i} - \vec{j} + 2\vec{k}
c⃗=i⃗+3j⃗−k⃗\vec{c} = \vec{i} + 3\vec{j} - \vec{k}

a) Find the vector AB⃗×AC⃗\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC}.

Step 1: Find vector AB⃗\vec{AB}.

AB⃗=b⃗−a⃗=(4i⃗−j⃗+2k⃗)−(2i⃗+j⃗−3k⃗)\vec{AB} = \vec{b} - \vec{a} = (4\vec{i} - \vec{j} + 2\vec{k}) - (2\vec{i} + \vec{j} - 3\vec{k}) AB⃗=(4−2)i⃗+(−1−1)j⃗+(2−(−3))k⃗\vec{AB} = (4-2)\vec{i} + (-1-1)\vec{j} + (2-(-3))\vec{k} AB⃗=2i⃗−2j⃗+5k⃗\vec{AB} = 2\vec{i} - 2\vec{j} + 5\vec{k}

Step 2: Find vector AC⃗\vec{AC}.

AC⃗=c⃗−a⃗=(i⃗+3j⃗−k⃗)−(2i⃗+j⃗−3k⃗)\vec{AC} = \vec{c} - \vec{a} = (\vec{i} + 3\vec{j} - \vec{k}) - (2\vec{i} + \vec{j} - 3\vec{k}) AC⃗=(1−2)i⃗+(3−1)j⃗+(−1−(−3))k⃗\vec{AC} = (1-2)\vec{i} + (3-1)\vec{j} + (-1-(-3))\vec{k} AC⃗=−i⃗+2j⃗+2k⃗\vec{AC} = -\vec{i} + 2\vec{j} + 2\vec{k}

Step 3: Calculate the cross product AB⃗×AC⃗\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC}.

AB⃗×AC⃗=∣i⃗j⃗k⃗2−25−122∣\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC} = \begin{vmatrix} \vec{i} & \vec{j} & \vec{k} \\ 2 & -2 & 5 \\ -1 & 2 & 2 \end{vmatrix} =i⃗((−2)(2)−(5)(2))−j⃗((2)(2)−(5)(−1))+k⃗((2)(2)−(−2)(−1))= \vec{i}((-2)(2) - (5)(2)) - \vec{j}((2)(2) - (5)(-1)) + \vec{k}((2)(2) - (-2)(-1)) =i⃗(−4−10)−j⃗(4−(−5))+k⃗(4−2)= \vec{i}(-4 - 10) - \vec{j}(4 - (-5)) + \vec{k}(4 - 2) =−14i⃗−9j⃗+2k⃗= -14\vec{i} - 9\vec{j} + 2\vec{k}

The vector AB⃗×AC⃗\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC} is −14i⃗−9j⃗+2k⃗\boxed{-14\vec{i} - 9\vec{j} + 2\vec{k}}.

b) Hence, find the area of the triangle ABC.

Step 1: Calculate the magnitude of AB⃗×AC⃗\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC}.

∣AB⃗×AC⃗∣=(−14)2+(−9)2+(2)2|\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC}| = \sqrt{(-14)^2 + (-9)^2 + (2)^2} =196+81+4= \sqrt{196 + 81 + 4} =281= \sqrt{281}

Step 2: Calculate the area of triangle ABC.
The area of triangle ABC is half the magnitude of the cross product.

Area=12∣AB⃗×AC⃗∣=12281\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} |\vec{AB} \times \vec{AC}| = \frac{1}{2}\sqrt{281}

The area of the triangle ABC is 12281 units2\boxed{\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{281} \text{ units}^2}.

c) Find the Cartesian equation of the plane ABC.

Step 1: Use the normal vector from part a).
The normal vector to the plane ABC is n⃗=−14i⃗−9j⃗+2k⃗\vec{n} = -14\vec{i} - 9\vec{j} + 2\vec{k}.
The equation of the plane is of the form nxx+nyy+nzz=dn_x x + n_y y + n_z z = d.
So, −14x−9y+2z=d-14x - 9y + 2z = d.

Step 2: Substitute the coordinates of point A (2,1,−3)(2, 1, -3) into the equation to find dd.

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