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In the parallelogram OABC, OA = 4q, OC = 6c, AP = 2/3 AC and M is the midpoint of BC. Find in terms of q and/or c: (a) AC (b) OP (c) OM. Hence or otherwise, show that the points O, P and M are collinear.

Mathematics

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Answers

3 parts
a

-4q + 6c

b

43q+4c\frac{4}{3}q + 4c

c

2q + 6c

Step-by-step solution

12 steps

Here's the solution for the vector problem.

Given:
Parallelogram OABC
OA⃗=4q\vec{OA} = 4q
OC⃗=6c\vec{OC} = 6c
AP⃗=23AC⃗\vec{AP} = \frac{2}{3}\vec{AC}
M is the midpoint of BC.

Part i

Find in terms of qq and/or cc

Part a-4q + 6c

AC⃗\vec{AC}

  1. Express AC⃗\vec{AC} using the triangle law of vector addition.

    AC⃗=AO⃗+OC⃗\vec{AC} = \vec{AO} + \vec{OC}
  2. Substitute AO⃗=−OA⃗\vec{AO} = -\vec{OA} and the given values.

    AC⃗=−OA⃗+OC⃗\vec{AC} = -\vec{OA} + \vec{OC} AC⃗=−4q+6c\vec{AC} = -4q + 6c

    The vector AC⃗\vec{AC} is −4q+6c\boxed{-4q + 6c}.

Part b

43q+4c\frac{4}{3}q + 4c

OP⃗\vec{OP}

  1. Express OP⃗\vec{OP} using the triangle law of vector addition.

    OP⃗=OA⃗+AP⃗\vec{OP} = \vec{OA} + \vec{AP}
  2. Substitute the given AP⃗=23AC⃗\vec{AP} = \frac{2}{3}\vec{AC} and the expression for AC⃗\vec{AC} from part (a).

    OP⃗=OA⃗+23AC⃗\vec{OP} = \vec{OA} + \frac{2}{3}\vec{AC} OP⃗=4q+23(−4q+6c)\vec{OP} = 4q + \frac{2}{3}(-4q + 6c)
  3. Distribute and simplify.

    OP⃗=4q−83q+123c\vec{OP} = 4q - \frac{8}{3}q + \frac{12}{3}c OP⃗=(123−83)q+4c\vec{OP} = \left(\frac{12}{3} - \frac{8}{3}\right)q + 4c OP⃗=43q+4c\vec{OP} = \frac{4}{3}q + 4c

    The vector OP⃗\vec{OP} is 43q+4c\boxed{\frac{4}{3}q + 4c}.

Part c2q + 6c

OM⃗\vec{OM}

  1. Express OM⃗\vec{OM} using the triangle law of vector addition.

    OM⃗=OC⃗+CM⃗\vec{OM} = \vec{OC} + \vec{CM}
  2. Use the properties of a parallelogram and the fact that M is the midpoint of BC.

    In parallelogram OABC, CB⃗=OA⃗\vec{CB} = \vec{OA}. Since M is the midpoint of BC, CM⃗=12CB⃗\vec{CM} = \frac{1}{2}\vec{CB}.
    Therefore, CM⃗=12OA⃗\vec{CM} = \frac{1}{2}\vec{OA}.

  3. Substitute CM⃗\vec{CM} and the given values into the expression for OM⃗\vec{OM}.

    OM⃗=OC⃗+12OA⃗\vec{OM} = \vec{OC} + \frac{1}{2}\vec{OA} OM⃗=6c+12(4q)\vec{OM} = 6c + \frac{1}{2}(4q) OM⃗=6c+2q\vec{OM} = 6c + 2q OM⃗=2q+6c\vec{OM} = 2q + 6c

    The vector OM⃗\vec{OM} is 2q+6c\boxed{2q + 6c}.

Part c(ii)· 4 steps

Hence or otherwise, show that the points O, P and M are collinear.

  1. To show collinearity of O, P, M, we need to show that OP⃗\vec{OP} is a scalar multiple of OM⃗\vec{OM} (or vice versa), and they share a common point (O).

    From part (i), we have:

    OP⃗=43q+4c\vec{OP} = \frac{4}{3}q + 4c OM⃗=2q+6c\vec{OM} = 2q + 6c
  2. Factor out common terms from OP⃗\vec{OP} and OM⃗\vec{OM} to find a relationship.

    Factor out 43\frac{4}{3} from OP⃗\vec{OP}:

    OP⃗=43(q+3c)\vec{OP} = \frac{4}{3}(q + 3c)

    Factor out 2 from OM⃗\vec{OM}:

    OM⃗=2(q+3c)\vec{OM} = 2(q + 3c)
  3. Compare the two expressions.

    We can see that (q+3c)(q + 3c) is a common vector.
    From OM⃗=2(q+3c)\vec{OM} = 2(q + 3c), we can write (q+3c)=12OM⃗(q + 3c) = \frac{1}{2}\vec{OM}.
    Substitute this into the expression for OP⃗\vec{OP}:

    OP⃗=43(12OM⃗)\vec{OP} = \frac{4}{3}\left(\frac{1}{2}\vec{OM}\right) OP⃗=46OM⃗\vec{OP} = \frac{4}{6}\vec{OM} OP⃗=23OM⃗\vec{OP} = \frac{2}{3}\vec{OM}
  4. Conclude collinearity.

    Since OP⃗=23OM⃗\vec{OP} = \frac{2}{3}\vec{OM}, OP⃗\vec{OP} is a scalar multiple of OM⃗\vec{OM}. Both vectors originate from the common point O. Therefore, the points O, P, and M are collinear.

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