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Evaluate the limit: lim (n to infinity) sqrt(n) / (sqrt(n+1) - sqrt(n))

Mathematics

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Answer

(D) ∞\text{(D) } \infty

Step-by-step solution

3 steps

We need to evaluate the limit:

lim⁡n→∞nn+1−n\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1} - \sqrt{n}}

The symbol ∠\angle is interpreted as a square root \sqrt{} due to the context of the problem (limits involving n+1n+1 and nn terms, and the options provided).

  1. Rationalize the denominator.

    Multiply the numerator and the denominator by the conjugate of the denominator, which is n+1+n\sqrt{n+1} + \sqrt{n}.

    lim⁡n→∞nn+1−n×n+1+nn+1+n\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1} - \sqrt{n}} \times \frac{\sqrt{n+1} + \sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n+1} + \sqrt{n}}
  2. Simplify the expression.

    The denominator uses the difference of squares formula (a−b)(a+b)=a2−b2(a-b)(a+b) = a^2 - b^2:

    (n+1−n)(n+1+n)=(n+1)2−(n)2=(n+1)−n=1(\sqrt{n+1} - \sqrt{n})(\sqrt{n+1} + \sqrt{n}) = (\sqrt{n+1})^2 - (\sqrt{n})^2 = (n+1) - n = 1

    The numerator becomes:

    n(n+1+n)=n(n+1)+n2=n2+n+n\sqrt{n}(\sqrt{n+1} + \sqrt{n}) = \sqrt{n(n+1)} + \sqrt{n^2} = \sqrt{n^2+n} + n

    So the expression simplifies to:

    lim⁡n→∞(n2+n+n)\lim_{n \to \infty} (\sqrt{n^2+n} + n)
  3. Evaluate the limit.

    As n→∞n \to \infty, both terms in the expression approach infinity:

    lim⁡n→∞n2+n=∞\lim_{n \to \infty} \sqrt{n^2+n} = \infty lim⁡n→∞n=∞\lim_{n \to \infty} n = \infty

    Therefore, their sum also approaches infinity:

    lim⁡n→∞(n2+n+n)=∞+∞=∞\lim_{n \to \infty} (\sqrt{n^2+n} + n) = \infty + \infty = \infty

    The limit evaluates to ∞\infty.

    The final answer is (D) ∞\text{(D) } \infty.

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