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Evaluate the limit: _x infinity (x3)/(e^x)

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Identify the form of the limit.

    As x→∞x \to \infty, the numerator x3x^3 approaches ∞\infty, and the denominator exe^x also approaches ∞\infty. This is an indeterminate form of type ∞∞\frac{\infty}{\infty}, so we can apply L'Hôpital's Rule.

  2. Apply L'Hôpital's Rule for the first time.

    L'Hôpital's Rule states that if lim⁡x→cf(x)g(x)\lim_{x \to c} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} is of the form 00\frac{0}{0} or ∞∞\frac{\infty}{\infty}, then lim⁡x→cf(x)g(x)=lim⁡x→cf′(x)g′(x)\lim_{x \to c} \frac{f(x)}{g(x)} = \lim_{x \to c} \frac{f'(x)}{g'(x)}.
    Here, f(x)=x3f(x) = x^3 and g(x)=exg(x) = e^x.
    The derivatives are f′(x)=3x2f'(x) = 3x^2 and g′(x)=exg'(x) = e^x.

    lim⁡x→∞x3ex=lim⁡x→∞3x2ex\lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{x^3}{e^x} = \lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3x^2}{e^x}
  3. Apply L'Hôpital's Rule for the second time.

    The limit is still of the form ∞∞\frac{\infty}{\infty} as x→∞x \to \infty.
    Let f1(x)=3x2f_1(x) = 3x^2 and g1(x)=exg_1(x) = e^x.
    The derivatives are f1′(x)=6xf_1'(x) = 6x and g1′(x)=exg_1'(x) = e^x.

    lim⁡x→∞3x2ex=lim⁡x→∞6xex\lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{3x^2}{e^x} = \lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{6x}{e^x}
  4. Apply L'Hôpital's Rule for the third time.

    The limit is still of the form ∞∞\frac{\infty}{\infty} as x→∞x \to \infty.
    Let f2(x)=6xf_2(x) = 6x and g2(x)=exg_2(x) = e^x.
    The derivatives are f2′(x)=6f_2'(x) = 6 and g2′(x)=exg_2'(x) = e^x.

    lim⁡x→∞6xex=lim⁡x→∞6ex\lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{6x}{e^x} = \lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{6}{e^x}
  5. Evaluate the final limit.

    As x→∞x \to \infty, exe^x approaches ∞\infty.
    Therefore, 6ex\frac{6}{e^x} approaches 6∞\frac{6}{\infty}, which is 0.

    lim⁡x→∞6ex=0\lim_{x \to \infty} \frac{6}{e^x} = 0
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