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Find the minimum value of the curve 12x2 + 24x + 13. 11. If the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 are alpha and beta, show that alpha + beta = -(b)/(a) and alphabeta = (c)/(a).

Mathematics

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Here are the solutions to problems 10, 11, and 12.

10. Find the minimum value of the curve 12x2+24x+1312x^2 + 24x + 13.

The given curve is a quadratic function y=12x2+24x+13y = 12x^2 + 24x + 13.
This is in the form y=ax2+bx+cy = ax^2 + bx + c, where a=12a=12, b=24b=24, and c=13c=13.
Since a=12>0a=12 > 0, the parabola opens upwards, meaning it has a minimum value.
The minimum value occurs at the vertex of the parabola, where the x-coordinate is given by x=−b2ax = -\frac{b}{2a}.

  1. Find the x-coordinate of the vertex.

    x=−242(12)x = -\frac{24}{2(12)} x=−2424x = -\frac{24}{24} x=−1x = -1
  2. Substitute this x-value back into the equation to find the minimum y-value.

    y=12(−1)2+24(−1)+13y = 12(-1)^2 + 24(-1) + 13 y=12(1)−24+13y = 12(1) - 24 + 13 y=12−24+13y = 12 - 24 + 13 y=−12+13y = -12 + 13 y=1y = 1

    The minimum value of the curve is 1\boxed{1}.

    11. If the roots of ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0 are α\alpha and β\beta, show that α+β=−ba\alpha + \beta = -\frac{b}{a} and αβ=ca\alpha\beta = \frac{c}{a}.

  3. Use the quadratic formula to express the roots α\alpha and β\beta.

    The roots of the quadratic equation ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0 are given by:

    α=−b+b2−4ac2a\alpha = \frac{-b + \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} β=−b−b2−4ac2a\beta = \frac{-b - \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}
  4. Find the sum of the roots, α+β\alpha + \beta.

    α+β=−b+b2−4ac2a+−b−b2−4ac2a\alpha + \beta = \frac{-b + \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} + \frac{-b - \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} α+β=(−b+b2−4ac)+(−b−b2−4ac)2a\alpha + \beta = \frac{(-b + \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}) + (-b - \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac})}{2a} α+β=−b−b+b2−4ac−b2−4ac2a\alpha + \beta = \frac{-b - b + \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac} - \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} α+β=−2b2a\alpha + \beta = \frac{-2b}{2a} α+β=−ba\alpha + \beta = -\frac{b}{a}
  5. Find the product of the roots, αβ\alpha\beta.

    αβ=(−b+b2−4ac2a)(−b−b2−4ac2a)\alpha\beta = \left(\frac{-b + \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}\right) \left(\frac{-b - \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}\right)

    This is in the form (X+Y)(X−Y)=X2−Y2(X+Y)(X-Y) = X^2 - Y^2, where X=−bX = -b and Y=b2−4acY = \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}.

    αβ=(−b)2−(b2−4ac)2(2a)2\alpha\beta = \frac{(-b)^2 - (\sqrt{b^2 - 4ac})^2}{(2a)^2} αβ=b2−(b2−4ac)4a2\alpha\beta = \frac{b^2 - (b^2 - 4ac)}{4a^2} αβ=b2−b2+4ac4a2\alpha\beta = \frac{b^2 - b^2 + 4ac}{4a^2} αβ=4ac4a2\alpha\beta = \frac{4ac}{4a^2} αβ=ca\alpha\beta = \frac{c}{a}

    Thus, we have shown that α+β=−ba\boxed{\alpha + \beta = -\frac{b}{a}} and αβ=ca\boxed{\alpha\beta = \frac{c}{a}}.

    12. Find bb if h(x)=2x−1h(x) = 2x-1 is a factor of f(x)=6x2+bx+2f(x) = 6x^2 + bx + 2.

  6. Use the Factor Theorem.

    If h(x)h(x) is a factor of f(x)f(x), then f(k)=0f(k)=0 for the root kk of h(x)=0h(x)=0.
    First, find the root of h(x)=2x−1h(x) = 2x-1:

    2x−1=02x - 1 = 0 2x=12x = 1 x=12x = \frac{1}{2}
  7. Substitute this root into f(x)f(x) and set f(x)=0f(x)=0.

    f(12)=6(12)2+b(12)+2=0f\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = 6\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 + b\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) + 2 = 0
  8. Solve the equation for bb.

    6(14)+b2+2=06\left(\frac{1}{4}\right) + \frac{b}{2} + 2 = 0 64+b2+2=0\frac{6}{4} + \frac{b}{2} + 2 = 0 32+b2+2=0\frac{3}{2} + \frac{b}{2} + 2 = 0

    To eliminate fractions, multiply the entire equation by 2:

    2(32)+2(b2)+2(2)=2(0)2\left(\frac{3}{2}\right) + 2\left(\frac{b}{2}\right) + 2(2) = 2(0) 3+b+4=03 + b + 4 = 0 b+7=0b + 7 = 0 b=−7b = -7

    The value of bb is −7\boxed{-7}.

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