Solve the problem using completing the squares (1)X² − 3X+3=0 and (2)−X² +2X−2=0.

Mathematics

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Answer

X=3+i32,X=3−i32X = \frac{3 + i\sqrt{3}}{2}, X = \frac{3 - i\sqrt{3}}{2}

X=1+i,X=1−iX = 1 + i, X = 1 - i

Step-by-step solution

11 steps

Here are the solutions to the equations using the method of completing the square.

1) Solve X2−3X+3=0X^2 - 3X + 3 = 0

  1. Move the constant term to the right side of the equation.

    X2−3X=−3X^2 - 3X = -3
  2. Complete the square on the left side.

    Take half of the coefficient of XX (which is −3-3), square it ((−32)2=94)\left(\left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2 = \frac{9}{4}\right), and add it to both sides of the equation.

    X2−3X+94=−3+94X^2 - 3X + \frac{9}{4} = -3 + \frac{9}{4}
  3. Factor the left side as a perfect square and simplify the right side.

    (X−32)2=−124+94\left(X - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 = -\frac{12}{4} + \frac{9}{4} (X−32)2=−34\left(X - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 = -\frac{3}{4}
  4. Take the square root of both sides.

    X−32=±−34X - \frac{3}{2} = \pm\sqrt{-\frac{3}{4}} X−32=±32iX - \frac{3}{2} = \pm\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}i
  5. Solve for XX.

    X=32±32iX = \frac{3}{2} \pm \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}i X=3±i32X = \frac{3 \pm i\sqrt{3}}{2}

    The solutions are X=3+i32,X=3−i32\boxed{X = \frac{3 + i\sqrt{3}}{2}, X = \frac{3 - i\sqrt{3}}{2}}.

    2) Solve −X2+2X−2=0-X^2 + 2X - 2 = 0

  6. Divide the entire equation by −1-1 to make the coefficient of X2X^2 equal to 1.

    X2−2X+2=0X^2 - 2X + 2 = 0
  7. Move the constant term to the right side of the equation.

    X2−2X=−2X^2 - 2X = -2
  8. Complete the square on the left side.

    Take half of the coefficient of XX (which is −2-2), square it ((−1)2=1)\left((-1)^2 = 1\right), and add it to both sides of the equation.

    X2−2X+1=−2+1X^2 - 2X + 1 = -2 + 1
  9. Factor the left side as a perfect square and simplify the right side.

    (X−1)2=−1(X - 1)^2 = -1
  10. Take the square root of both sides.

    X−1=±−1X - 1 = \pm\sqrt{-1} X−1=±iX - 1 = \pm i
  11. Solve for XX.

    X=1±iX = 1 \pm i

    The solutions are X=1+i,X=1−i\boxed{X = 1 + i, X = 1 - i}.

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